美日两国高校经费筹措模式及其对我国的启示  

The Fund-raising Models of Colleges and Universities in the United States and Japan and Their Enlightenments

作　　者：陈武元[1] CHEN Wu-yuan(Research for Higher Education Development,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2018年第7期99-109,共11页Journal of Higher Education

摘　　要：世界高等教育发展的制度安排大致分为市场主导型和政府主导型两种,不同的制度安排对高校经费筹措方式有着很大的影响。从历史和国际比较两个视角来系统分析市场主导型的美国高校和政府主导型的日本高校的经费筹措方式,可以归纳出各自的经费筹措模式或经验。我国应在重视教育立法、引入市场机制、改革财政拨款分配方式、为民办高校发展营造环境和培育捐赠文化等方面学习借鉴美日两国高校经费筹措的有益经验。The institutional arrangements of higher education development in the world are roughly divided into two types：market-oriented and government-oriented,whose different institutional arrangements have a great influence on the fund-raising methods of colleges and universities.This article systematically analyzes the market-oriented financing method of American colleges and universities and government-oriented fund-raising method of Japanese colleges and universities from two perspectives of history and international comparison,summing up the fund-raising models（or experiences）of universities in the United States and Japan.The useful fund-raising experiences of universities and colleges in two countries give us such experience as paying attention to education legislation,introducing market mechanisms,reforming the distribution method of financial allocations,creating good environment for the development of private colleges and universities,and cultivating donation culture.

关 键 词：高校经费 美国 日本 市场主导型 政府主导型 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]