高压超临界CO_2提取灵芝三萜和甾醇成分的研究  

Study on the Extraction of Triterpenes and Sterols from Ganoderma lucidum by Supercritical CO_2 under High Pressure

作　　者：华正根 王金亮 朱丽萍 吴长辉 姚渭溪 李晔 HUA Zheng-gen;WANG Jin-liang;ZHU Li-ping;WU Chang-huil,;YAO Wei-xi;LI Ye(Fujian Xianzhilou Biological Science＆Technology Co.Ltd,Fuzhou 350002,China;National R＆D Branch Center For Edih]e Fungi Processing,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建仙芝楼生物科技有限公司,福建福州350002 [2]国家食用菌加工技术研发分中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2018年第5期62-65,69,共5页Edible Fungi of China

摘　　要：为了研究常温高压超临界CO_2提取法提取灵芝三萜和甾醇成分的效果,采用不同高压的超临界CO_2提取法提取灵芝细粉中灵芝三萜和甾醇成分,通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定灵芝三萜和甾醇的含量,并与传统的乙醇回流提取法进行比较。研究表明,高压超临界CO_2提取工艺条件为:提取压力85 MPa,提取温度50℃,提取时间4 h,在此条件下灵芝三萜含量为1.35%,麦角甾醇含量为0.32%,而采用乙醇回流提取法提取的灵芝三萜含量为0.92%,麦角甾醇含量为0.2%。与传统乙醇回流提取法相比,采用高压超临界CO_2提取法,灵芝三萜含量提高了46.7%,麦角甾醇含量提高了60%。HPLC图谱表明,高压超临界CO_2提取法的提取物中三萜和甾醇不仅含量高,而且成分种类多。因此高压超临界CO_2提取法具有得率高、提取温度低、提取时间短等优点,为灵芝成分的提取提供了新技术。In order to study on the effect of the extracting of triterpenes and sterols by supercritical CO2 under normal temperature and high pressure, the extraction of Ganoderma lucidum powder was performed by supercritieal CO2 under different pressures. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to determine the content of triterpenes and sterols and compared with the traditional method of ethanol reflux extraction. Extraction technology of supercritical CO2 under high pressure was that extract pressure was 85 MPa, extraction temperature was 50℃, extraction time was 4 h, under the conditions, the contents of triterpenes and ergosterol of G. lucidum were 1.35% and 0.32%, respectively, while the contents of triterpenes and ergosterol by ethanol reflux extraction were 0.92% and 0.2%, respectively. Compared with the traditional ethanol reflux extraction, the content of triterpenes and ergosterol by the extraction of supercfitical CO2 under high pressure was increased by 46.7% and 60%, respectively. The results of HPLC showed that the triterpenes and sterols in supereritical extracts were not only high in content but also in many kinds. The extraction of supercritical CO2 under high pressure has the advantages of high yield, low extraction temperature and short extraction time, which provides a new technotogy for the extraction of G. lucidism components.

关 键 词：灵芝 灵芝三萜 甾醇 高压超临界CO2提取 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]