水短缺、调水工程与水分配:一个政治视角  

Water Scarcity, Water Diversion Project and Water Distribution: a Political Perspective

作　　者：李华 安苗[1] LI Hua;AN Miao(Department of Public Administration,School of Politics and Law,Taiyuan University of Technolog)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学政法学院公共管理系

出　　处：《科学与社会》2018年第3期81-92,107,共13页Science and Society

基　　金：太原理工大学2016年校基金青年项目"跨流域调水工程的水分配机制研究"(1205-04020203);国家社科基金项目"乡村留守家庭的社会支持研究"(13CHS108)

摘　　要：水短缺叙事并不必然意味着自然性水短缺,在为调水工程提供合法性的同时,容易遮蔽的是水短缺背后的水分配机制。本文以南水北调工程为例,在追问南水北调工程开的是"谁"的源,满足的又是"谁"的水短缺需求的基础上,揭示该调水工程背后被水短缺叙事所遮蔽的水分配逻辑,发现北方的水短缺只是局部少数主体的水短缺而非纯粹的自然性水短缺,南方的水充沛表征也只是一种被建构的幻象;南水北调工程所嵌入的水资源分配过程折射着以经济增长为中心,偏向城市和工业的发展主义逻辑。全面理解水分配需要引入一个政治视角并侧重对水分配所嵌入的社会权力关系进行考察。The narrative of water scarcity doesn＇t necessarily mean the natural shortage of water. While providing legitimacy for water diversion projects, what could be obscured by the narrative is the mechanism of water distribution. Taking South-to-North Water Diversion Project （SNWDP） as an example, this paper discloses the dynamics and mechanism of water allocation shadowed in the dominant discourse of water scarcity in the context of China. Based on a close examination of ＂thirsty north＂ and ＂the south with rich water＂, it has found that these two images in contrast are simplified representation in official discourses. The embedded water allocation process of the SNWDP follows the economic growth centered, urban and industrial development oriented logic. A political perspective is needed to get a full understanding of water distribution and emphasis should be attached to the social relations in which water distribution is embedded.

关 键 词：水短缺 调水工程 水分配 发展主义 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理]