胆汁在法医毒物学中的应用研究进展  

Advances in the Application of Bile in Forensic Toxicology

作　　者：纪佼佼 严慧 沈敏 JI Jiao-jiao;YAN Hui;SHEN Min(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine,Shanghai Forensic Senice Platform,Academy of Forensic Science,Shanghai 200063,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042 [2]司法鉴定科学研究院上海市法医学重点实验室上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台,上海200063

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2018年第5期50-63,共14页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：上海市科技攻关项目(15DZ1207500);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(17DZ2273200);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目(16DZ2290900)

摘　　要：胆汁排泄是毒物及其代谢物的重要消除途径,胆汁因同时具有亲水和亲脂的双重性质而成为毒物及其结合型代谢物分布的主要器官。其因具有毒物浓度高、存在代谢物、检测时限长、受再分布影响小等特性而成为死后毒物学领域关注的生物检材。通过对近20年文献报道的回顾,综述了胆汁中毒物定性、定量分析的研究成果,提供了数百个案例中胆汁和血液毒药物定量结果信息,讨论了胆汁毒物分析的特点、价值及其问题,提出当摄毒延缓死亡或毒物半衰期短时,以及血液检材不可获得或可靠性存疑时,胆汁可作为毒药物筛查的备选检材或为血液等其他检材的定量分析提供补充及验证。Biliary excretion is an important route of elimination of drugs and their metabolites. As a specimen, bile attracts attentions and is worth studying in forensic toxicology. It has both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. There are high concentration of poisons and even metabolites in bile. It has longer detection time window and is less likely to be polluted. This paper reviewed hundreds of case studies for drugs in bile. The research results of bile specimens applied in forensic toxicology and the limitations were discussed. The prospects of its further applications were summarized as well. Bile can be used as an alternative matrix for the screening of drugs and poisons, providing supplement information for the quantitative analysis of blood and other samples.

关 键 词：胆汁 肝肠循环 法医毒物学 死后再分布 

分 类 号：DF795.1[医药卫生—法医学]