不同除草剂对早熟秋甘蓝大田杂草的防除效果及对甘蓝植株生理的影响  

Effects of different herbicides on field weed control efficacy and plant physiology of early-mature autumn cabbage

作　　者：邰翔[1] 薄天岳[1] 陈锦秀[1] 朱晓炜 任云英[1] 陈富森 TAI Xiang;BO Tian-yue;CHEN Jin-xiu;ZHU Xiao-wei;REN Yun-ying;CHEN Fu-sen(Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Shanghai Key Lab of ProtectedHorticultural Technology,Shanghai 201106,China;2Anshun University,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院设施园艺研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106 [2]安顺学院,安顺561000

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2018年第4期20-24,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101804);上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2016)第2-6-2号];上海市科技兴农攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2015)第6-1-7号];国家大宗蔬菜体系(CARS-25)

摘　　要：为了明确不同除草剂对大田栽培秋甘蓝的防除效果,开展了四种除草剂(精异丙甲草胺、草铵膦、二甲戊灵、草甘膦异丙胺盐)甘蓝田杂草防除效果的调查,并进一步测定不同除草剂作用下甘蓝苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和膜质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量,以探讨不同除草剂对甘蓝植株的影响。结果表明:二甲戊灵处理土壤显著降低了甘蓝大田中的杂草株数,从而促进了植株生长,提高了SOD、POD、CAT活性,降低了MDA含量。精异丙甲草胺处理土壤显著降低了甘蓝大田中的杂草株数,但产生的药害严重抑制了植株生长,破坏了植株体内的抗氧化还原系统,致使SOD、POD、CAT活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高。草铵膦、草甘膦异丙胺盐处理土壤显著降低了大田杂草株数,植株形态学指标、SOD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量与对照相比差异不显著,POD活性显著下降。二甲戊灵可以做为早熟秋甘蓝定植前的除草剂在生产上使用。In order to clarify the effect of different herbicides on the cultivation of autumn cabbage in the field,the investigation on the prevention and elimination effects of four herbicides（（ S）-Metolachlor, Glufosinate ammonium,Pendimethalin, N-（ phosphonomethyl） glycine） on weeds in cabbage field was carried out. In order to investigate the influences of different herbicides on the cabbage development and growth, the contents of superoxide dismutase（ SOD）, peroxidase（ POD）, catalase（ CAT） and membranous peroxidation product malondialdehyde（ MDA） in leaves under different herbicide treatments were determined. The results showed that pendimethalin significantly decreased weeds of cabbage field, promoted the plant growth increased the activities of SOD,POD,CAT and reduced MDA content.（ S）-Metolachlor significantly decreased weeds of cabbage field,but phytotoxicity seriously inhibited plant growth, damaged anti-oxidation-reduction system of plant, significantly decreased the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and increased MDA content drastically. Glufosinate ammonium and N-（ phosphonomethyl） glycine significantly decreased weeds of cabbage field, no obvious difference in morphological of plant, activities of SOD,activities of CAT, MDA content. Thus, Pendimethalin could be used as the right herbicide in cabbage production before planting.

关 键 词：除草剂 甘蓝 杂草 抗氧化酶系统 

分 类 号：S451.24[农业科学—植物保护]