硬粒小麦在云南高原麦区对普通小麦改良效果评价  

Evaluation Effect of Using Durum Wheat to Improve Common Wheat In Yunnan Plateau Area

作　　者：丁明亮[1,2] 金轻 黄格 赵红 李宏生[1,2] 崔永祯 李绍祥[1,2] 顾坚 杨木军[1,2] 刘琨 DING Ming-liang;JIN Qing;HUANG Ge;ZHAO Hong;LI Hong-sheng;CUI Yong-zhen;LI Shao-xiang;GU Jian;YANG Mu-jun;LIU Kun(The Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Yunnan branch center,National Wheat hnprovement Center,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Zhaotong Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Yunnan Zhaotong 657000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]国家小麦改良中心云南分中心,云南昆明650205 [3]昭通市农业科学院,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第9期1779-1782,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101603);云南省联合支持国家计划项目(2014GA016);云南省应用基础研究青年项目(2017FD015)

摘　　要：【目的】为了明确硬粒小麦资源在云南高原麦区对普通小麦改良效果。【方法】以12个通过硬粒小麦×普通小麦远缘杂交获得的小麦稳定品系和19个通过普通小麦×普通小麦种内杂交获得的小麦稳定品系为试验材料,采用t测验法对2种途径获得的小麦稳定品系的产量性状与品质性状差异进行了研究。【结果】通过硬粒小麦与普通小麦远缘杂交选育的小麦新品系小区产量和有效穗高于通过普通小麦与普通小麦种内杂交选育的小麦新品系,小区产量差异极显著(t=3. 311**),有效穗差异极显著(t=2. 157*);硬粒小麦与普通小麦远缘杂交选育的小麦新品系的千粒重和穗粒数低于普通小麦与普通小麦种内杂交选育的小麦新品系,但是千粒重和穗粒数差异均不显著;通过硬粒小麦与普通小麦远缘杂交选育的小麦品系在标准吸水率、容重、稳定时间和硬度值高于通过普通小麦与普通小麦种内杂交选育的小麦新品系,而蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、形成时间、沉降值和出粉率却低于通过普通小麦与普通小麦种内杂交选育的小麦新品系,但9个品质性状差异不显著。【结论】在云南高原麦区,硬粒小麦资源在普通小麦改良中可以通过改进普通小麦有效穗进而提高产量,然而对普通小麦品质性状的改良效果却不显著。[ Objective] The present paper was conducted to identify eft）ct of using durum wheat to improve common wheat in Yunnan plateau area. [ Method] 12 new wheat lines from the distant hybridization of inter-gener and 19 new wheat lines from intetspecific hybridization were used for the study materials. The dift）rence of yield traits and quality traits of 31 new wheat lines obtained from two dift^rent ways was stud- ied by t-test. [ Result] The yield and eft）ctive spikes of the inbred wheat lines by the distant cross of durum wheat and common wheat are higher than the inbred wheat lines by the cross of common wheat and cmnmon wheat, but the grain weight and grain number per ear were low- er. The yield difthrence was vet7 significant （t -3. 311 ＊ ＊ ）, and the dift）rence of eft）ctive panicles was vet7 significant （t =2. 157 ＊ ）, but there was no significant dift）rence in 1000 grain weight and grain number per spike （t - - 0. 806, t= 0. 349）. The standard rate of water absorption, bulk density, stable time and hardness value of the inbred wheat lines by the distant cross of durum wheat and common were higher than that of the new wheat lines obtained from intetspecific hybridization, but protein content, wet gluten, formation time, sedi- mentation value and powder yield were lower. All quality traits of new wheat lines obtained from two dirt）rent ways were no significant difference. [ Conclusion] In the Yunnan plateau area, durum wheat resources could be used improving yield of conunon wheat by increasing the effective panicle, but the improvement effect of quality traits was not significant.

关 键 词：普通小麦 硬粒小麦 产量性状 品质性状 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]