2016年夏季舟山近岸海域底栖生物调查与研究  

Research and Investigation of Benthic in Zhoushan nearby Sea during the Summer of 2016

作　　者：蔡丽萍[1] 金敬林[1] 吴盈子[1] CAI Liping;JIN Jinglin;WU Yingzi(Marine Workstation of Zhoushan,SOA,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局舟山海洋工作站,舟山316021

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2018年第9期82-87,共6页Ocean Development and Management

摘　　要：底栖生物是海洋环境质量的重要指标。2016年夏季对舟山近岸海域37个站位的底栖生物进行调查,此次调查共鉴定出底栖生物45种,平均栖息密度为41ind./m2,平均生物量为3.92g/m2,底栖生物的栖息密度和生物量基本上由西向东逐渐升高。底栖生物的种类、密度、生物量、多样性指数与水深及水质中的盐度、pH、悬浮物、总磷、总氮呈弱或中等程度相关,与沉积物中重金属(铜、锌、铅、镉、铬、总汞)、砷、有机碳呈弱或中等程度的相关性,尤其与镉含量的相关性最为明显。由ABC曲线分析可知,该调查海域底栖生物受到一定程度的扰动。与2005年该海域调查结果比较表明,该海域底栖生物的多样性指数平均值较2005年略有降低,平均生物量较2005年降低,但平均密度较2005年升高。此次调查出现无底栖生物站位所占的比例较2005年上升。研究表明,2016年舟山海域海洋环境质量状况劣于2005年,应加强海洋环境监测与治理。Benthos are important indicators of marine environmental quality.37 stations of benthos were investigated in Zhoushan nearby sea during the summer of 2016,45 species of benthic organ isms were identified,the average density is 41ind./m^2 ,the average biomass is 3.92 g/m^2 ,benthic density and biomass from west to east gradually rose.The species, density, biomass and diversity index of benthic organisms were related to the depth of the water, salinity,pH,suspended matter, total phosphorus,total nitrogen in water quality, the correlation between heavy metals in sed ments （copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium, total mercury） , arsenic and organic carbon was weak or moderate,especially with cadmium levels. According to the analysis of ABC curve, the marine benthic organisms in the survey area were disturbed to a certain extent.Compared with the area survey in 2005 showed that the area of benthic diversity index average slightly lower than in 2005,the average biomass reduced from 2005, but the average density was higher than that in 2005.The survey showed a higher proportion of benthic stations than that in 2005.h was showed shown that the quality of marine environment in Zhoushan area in 2016 was worse than that in 2005 ,and management of the marine environment should be strengthened.

关 键 词：舟山近岸海域 底栖生物 生物量 栖息密度 沉积物 重金属 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]