Payments for Watershed Services and Practices in China:Achievements and Challenges  

作　　者：LU Yan XU Jianhua QIN Fen WANG Jiayao 

机构地区：[1]Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Ministry of Education,Henan University [2]School of Water Conservancy & Environment,Zhengzhou University [3]Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatio-Temporal Big Data,Henan University [4]College of Environment and Planning,Henan University [5]School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University

出　　处：《Chinese Geographical Science》2018年第5期873-893,共21页中国地理科学（英文版）

基　　金：Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71203200,41671455);National Science and Technology Platform Construction Project(No.2005DKA32300);Major Research Projects of the Ministry of Education(No.16JJD770019)

摘　　要：Implementation of payments for watershed services(PWS) has been regarded as a promising approach to coordinating the interests of upstream and downstream ecosystem services stakeholders. There is growing concern about whether PWS programs have achieved their original environmental goals of improving water quality and quantity, as well as the ancillary objective of increasing the welfare of local people. We start with an overview of PWS schemes and focus on their particularity and implementation mechanisms in China. We proceed to review 62 active PWS cases and examine their environmental performance in detail. The resulting findings show that PWS schemes have been able to reduce water pollution to some extent by establishing collaborative upstream/downstream watershed management policies, thereby improving water quality and quantity, as well as by making government officials more responsible for water resource management. In addition, their continued effectiveness in light of present challenges such as water-quality data availability is discussed. Chinese PWS schemes and their implementation mechanisms also provide information useful in monitoring environmental outcomes and guiding future designs of PWS programs in other regions.Implementation of payments for watershed services（PWS） has been regarded as a promising approach to coordinating the interests of upstream and downstream ecosystem services stakeholders. There is growing concern about whether PWS programs have achieved their original environmental goals of improving water quality and quantity, as well as the ancillary objective of increasing the welfare of local people. We start with an overview of PWS schemes and focus on their particularity and implementation mechanisms in China. We proceed to review 62 active PWS cases and examine their environmental performance in detail. The resulting findings show that PWS schemes have been able to reduce water pollution to some extent by establishing collaborative upstream/downstream watershed management policies, thereby improving water quality and quantity, as well as by making government officials more responsible for water resource management. In addition, their continued effectiveness in light of present challenges such as water-quality data availability is discussed. Chinese PWS schemes and their implementation mechanisms also provide information useful in monitoring environmental outcomes and guiding future designs of PWS programs in other regions.

关 键 词：payments for watershed services（PWS） environmental impacts water pollution socioeconomic impacts watershed management 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]