海洋中藻菌相互关系及其生态功能  

Algae-bacteria interactions and their ecological functions in the ocean

作　　者：张增虎 唐丽丽[1] 张永雨[1] ZHANG Zeng-Hu;TANG Li-Li;ZHANG Yong-Yu(Key Laboratory of Biofuels,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Aeademy of Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所生物燃料重点实验室山东省能源生物遗传资源重点实验室,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2018年第9期2043-2053,共11页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0601402);国家自然科学基金(31700104)~~

摘　　要：海洋中藻类与细菌密不可分,具有错综复杂的互作关系(如互利共生、敌对拮抗或竞争抑制等),共同构成了海洋生态系统结构与功能的重要调控者。在藻类细胞周围往往存在着特殊的藻际微环境,其中生存着独特的微生物群落,因此藻际环境成为藻菌相互作用的主战场。藻际环境中细菌群落的构建具有一定的规律。在自然生态系统中,藻菌互作影响赤潮生消动态过程,并在水质修复中具有重要作用潜力。同时,藻类和细菌作为驱动海洋固碳与储碳的主要生物因子,在海洋碳循环中具有尤为重要的作用。本文对海洋中藻菌互作关系的研究现状进行了综述,并在此基础上,对未来研究提出了几点展望。例如,目前对海洋中藻菌关系受病毒的调控作用了解甚少,值得未来深入研究。Algae and bacteria are inseparable in the ocean and have sophisticated interactions with each other, including mutualism, commensalism, antagonism, competition and parasitism. They are both major players in regulating the structure and function of marine ecosystem. Around a single algae cell, there usually exists a special microenvironment called ＂phycosphere＂ inhabited by specific microbial communities. The phycosphere is the main location for the interactions between algae and bacteria. The formation of specific microbial assembly within algal phycosphere has certain regularity. In natural ecosystem, the algae-bacteria interactions affect the dynamic process of the red tide and play important roles in water quality restoration. Moreover, algae and bacteria are the major drivers for marine carbon fixation and sequestration, their interactions have important impacts on marine carbon cycling. In view of the current research status of marine algae-bacteria interactions,several research prospects are discussed, for example, the role of viruses in regulating the relationship between algae and bacteria is poorly understood and awaiting a deep study.

关 键 词：藻菌相互关系 藻际环境 微生物群落构建 海洋碳循环 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]