两家医院候诊室冬季使用集中空调对室内PM_(2.5)浓度影响分析  

Analysis of the influence of central air conditioning on indoor PM2.5 concentration in waiting rooms of two hospitals in winter

作　　者：翁定孟 范佳龙 邹刚 高菊萍 周伟杰[2] 张熙[2] 马凯军 辛岗 Weng Dingmeng;Fan Jialong;Zou Gang;Gao Juping;Zhou Weijie;Zhang Xi;Ma Kaijun;Xin Gang(Wuxi Health Supervision Bureau,Wuxi Jiangsu 214026;Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi Jiangsu 214023;Haidong Health Supervision Bureau,Haidong Qinghai 810699;Karamay Health Supervision Bureau,Karamay Xinjiang 834000)

机构地区：[1]无锡市卫生监督所,江苏无锡214026 [2]无锡市疾病预防控制中心,江苏无锡214023 [3]海东市卫生监督局,青海海东810699 [4]克拉玛依市卫生监督所,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《中国卫生监督杂志》2018年第4期435-440,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Inspection

摘　　要：目的探索医院候诊室集中空调最佳使用条件及滤网类型,以达到降低室内PM_(2.5)浓度的最优效果。方法选择无锡市两家单独设有集中空调的三级医院(用M、Z分别代表)候诊室作为监测点,使用美国3M粉尘测定仪监测相关数据,运用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果室外PM_(2.5)浓度水平高于室内且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);室内PM_(2.5)浓度与室外PM_(2.5)浓度、温度、相对湿度呈正相关线性关系(P<0.05);各新风开启时长PM_(2.5)浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中新风开启2小时其PM_(2.5)浓度水平与4小时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),开启4小时与6小时(P=0.61)及开启6小时与8小时(P=0.63)浓度差异均无统计学意义;两家医院间PM_(2.5)浓度差异有统计学差异,M医院优于Z医院(P<0.05)。结论集中空调通风系统能够有效降低室内PM_(2.5)污染水平,建议医疗机构候诊室在接待病人前,保证至少2h的新风开启时长,并通过温湿控系统将温度、湿度分别控制在16℃和33%;针对室内空气质量不佳的医疗机构适时调整为更高过滤等级的多层新风滤网,确保室内空气质量安全。Objective To explore the optimum operating conditions and filter type of central air conditioning in hospital waiting room so as to achieve the optimum effect of reducing indoor PM2.5 concentration. Methods EVM-3 was used to monitor PM2.5 concentration indoor and outdoor in two third-level hospitals with central air conditioning in Wuxi. SAS soft-ware was used for statistical analysis. Results Outdoor PM2.5 concentration was higher than indoor （P〈0.05）. A significant positive linear correlation between indoor PM2.5 concentration and temperature, relative humidity, outdoor PM2.5 concentration was observed （P〈0.05）. The difference in PM2.5 concentration indoor between 2 hours of fresh air opening and 4 hours was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.The difference between two hospitals was statistically significant. Hospital M was superior to hospital Z （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Central air conditioning can effectively reduce indoor pollution levels of PM2.5 concentration. Mdical institutions should guarantee the opening time of fresh air fbr at least 2 hours before receiving the patient in waiting room and control the temperature and humidity at 16℃ and 33% respectively. To achieve the best effect of indoor air quality, the medical institutions should select the medium efficiency or high efficiency filter.

关 键 词：集中空调 PM2.5 新风开启时长 滤网 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]