株行距对架式促成栽培番茄生长和产量的影响  

Effects of different Planting Row and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Elevated Cultivation of Tomato

作　　者：秦利杰 焦娟[1] 文莲莲 倪秀男 魏珉[1] QIN Lijie;JIAO Juan;WEN Lianlian;NI Xiunan;WEI Min(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai＇an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2018年第10期39-45,共7页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD05B03);山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题[鲁财农指(2015)16号];国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-23);山东农业大学"双一流"科技创新团队设施园艺优势团队专项(SYL2017YSTD07);山东农业大学"双一流"科技创新团队设施园艺优势团队专项(SYL2017YSTD07)

摘　　要：分别以番茄品种‘欧迪斯’和‘圣罗兰’为试材,利用架式栽培系统,研究了三穗果打顶条件下,不同株行距配置对番茄生长和产量的影响。结果表明:随株距增加,番茄株高、叶面积指数逐渐降低,茎粗、生物量、叶片色素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、单果质量、单株产量和单位面积产量以及Vc、有机酸和可溶性蛋白含量呈先升高后降低趋势,均于15 cm或20 cm达到最大值,综合产量和品质,以株距15 cm效果最好,其产量可达111.7 t·hm-2;随行距加大,番茄株高、叶面积指数逐渐降低,单果质量和单株产量逐渐增大,茎粗、生物量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、单位面积产量以及Vc、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量先升高后降低,综合产量和品质,以行距110 cm效果最好,其产量可达98.1 t·hm-2。综合产量和品质等指标,行距110 cm、株距15 cm为本试验条件下的适宜栽植密度。The effects of different row spacing on the growth and yield of tomato were studied under the conditions of the topped with three panicles using the tomato cultivar ＇ Odiesi＇ and ＇Yollowan＇ as test materials. The results showed that with the increase of plant spacing, tomato plant height and leaf area index gradually decreased, while stem diameter, biomass, leaf pigment content, net photo- synthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, single fruit weight, yield per plant and hectare yield, as well as Vc, organic acid and soluble protein content increased first and then decreased, and the maximum value was reached at 15 cm or 20 cm. Considering both the yield and quality of tomato, the optimal plant spacing was 15 cm, and the yield could reach 111.7 t. hm^-2.With the increase of row spacing, tomato plant height and leaf area index decreased gradually, single fruit weight and yield per plant increased gradually, while stem diameter, biomass, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, hectare yield and Vc, soluble solids, soluble sugar and soluble protein content increased first and then decreased. Considering both the yield and quality of tomato, the optimal row spac- ing was110 cm, and the yield could reach 98.1 t. hm^-2. As a result, the optimal row spacing and plant spacing of tomato in this exper- iment conditions were 110 cm and 15 cm, respectively.

关 键 词：番茄 株距 行距 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]