抚仙湖浮游动物群落分布特征及其影响因子分析  

Identification of Zooplankton Community Distribution and Its Influencing Factors in Fuxian Lake

作　　者：冯钟 赵帅营[1] 陈丽[1] 李蕊 朱庆生 张涛 陈光杰[1] FENG Zhong;ZHAO Shuai-ying;OHEN Li;LI Rui;ZHU Qing-sheng;ZHANG Tao;OHEN Guang-jie(Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Change,School of Tourism and Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院高原地理过程与环境变化云南省重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期56-65,共10页Journal of Yunnan Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41771239;31460131)

摘　　要：于2015年对抚仙湖不同湖区的浮游动物群落与水体环境特征开展了逐月调查,共发现浮游动物28种(轮虫21种、枝角类5种及桡足类2种),优势种包括螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、长多肢轮虫(Ployarthra dolichoptera)、长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)、方形网纹溞(Ceriodaphnia quadrangula)、舌状叶镖水蚤(Phyllodiaptomus tunguidus)和温中剑水蚤(Mesocycbps them ocyclopoides Harada)等.浮游动物丰度和生物量全年变化范围分别是1.3~53.2ind·L-1和3.05~306.12μg·L-1;同时,浮游动物的香浓-维纳多样性指数的逐月变化范围较大(1.02~2.19).冗余分析结果进一步表明,浮游动物群落结构逐月变化明显而空间差异较小,水温、钙离子、磷酸盐浓度等对浮游动物群落结构的时空变化产生了较强的驱动作用,而浮游甲壳动物丰度与个体大小的逐月变化明显并受鱼类捕食压力的影响较强.To uncover the spatio temporal distribution of zooplankton,a monthly survey of zooplank ton and related limnological factors were investigated in 2015 for three sites of Fuxian I.ake in this study.We combined results of principal component analysis （PCA） and redundancy analysis （RDA） with previous data on the dominant and invasive whitefish （Neosalanx taihuensis） to explore the main environmental factors driving the zooplankton assemblage,aiming to provide scientific basis for sus tainable fisheries and ecological evaluation in Fuxian Lake.A total of 29 zooplankton taxa were identi fled including 21 species of Rotifera,5 species of Cladoera and 3 species of Copepod,respectively.Par ticularly, Keratella cochlearis , Ployarthra dolichoptera , P loyarthra leleki , Bosmina longirostris , Ce riodaphnia quadrangula, Phyllodiaptomus tunguidus and Mesocycbps them ocyclopoides Harada were dominant in Fuxian I.ake.The monthly zooplankton abundance and biomass varied in the range of 1.32-53.18 ind· L-1 and 3.05-306.12 μg·L-1 , respectively.The highest zooplankton abundance was found at the site T2 in August and the highest zooplankton biomass occurred at site T1 in July.While, the lowest value occurred in February for both zooplankton abundance and biomass. Furthermore, the Shannon Wiener diversity index （H） varied in the range of 1.02-2.19 for zooplankton across month. The results of RDA showed that the zooplankton structure changed significantly over time, but varied weakly across sites in 2015.Water temperature was found to be strongly related to the spatio temporal change of zooplankton assemblages in Fuxian I.ake. Combined with previous studies, our data implied that the distribution of crustacean zooplankton abundance and body size was strongly affected by fish predation ,while the increasing supply of nutrients and food resources may play a limited role in struc turing the seasonal fluctuation of zooplankton in 2015.

关 键 词：抚仙湖 浮游动物 时空分布 水温 鱼类捕食 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]