新疆黄山—镜儿泉铜镍成矿带岩浆作用与区域走滑构造的关系  

Magmatism of Huangshan-Jing'erquan Ni-Cu Ore Deposit Belt and Relationship with Regional Strike-slip Structure in Xinjiang,China

作　　者：宋谢炎[1] 邓宇峰[2] 颉炜 陈列锰[1] 于宋月[1] 梁庆林 SONG Xie-yan;DENG Yu-feng;XIE Wei;CHEN Lie-meng;YU Songyue;LIANG Qinglin(State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui,China;College of Oceanography,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081 [2]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [3]河海大学海洋学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2018年第5期505-519,共15页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41630316;41473050);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0600503)

摘　　要：中国产于造山带的铜镍硫化物矿床占有非常重要的地位,例如中亚造山带南缘的一系列矿床及近年来东昆仑造山带发现的夏日哈木超大型镍钴矿床,其探明的镍金属总储量超过300×104 t,约占中国镍金属总储量的1/3,也是世界上造山带发现这类矿床最多的国家。为什么在造山带也能够形成大型—超大型铜镍硫化物矿床?与其相关的大规模幔源岩浆作用有什么特点,发生在造山带构造演化的哪个阶段?是什么机制导致了这样剧烈的镁铁质岩浆作用?对这些关键问题的认识还很模糊。以大中型铜镍硫化物矿床分布最为集中的新疆北天山黄山—镜儿泉成矿带为例,在对国内外研究成果综合归纳和分析的基础上,对上述问题进行探讨。结果表明:准噶尔—哈萨克斯坦地块与塔里木地块碰撞过程中伴随区域性右行走滑,加剧了俯冲洋壳断离和软流圈上涌,并为源自软流圈及交代地幔部分熔融的镁铁质岩浆上侵提供了良好的通道,这些作用的相互叠加为黄山—镜儿泉成矿带的形成创造了很好的条件。The Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in orogenic belts are very important in China. Nickel metal reserves of the Ni-Cu sulfide deposits discovered in orogenic belts, China, including a series of deposits in the southern margin of Central Asian orogenic belt and the large Xiarihamu Ni-Co deposit in East Kunlun orogenic belt, are more than 300×104 t. These discoveries make China having the most abundant magmatic sulfide deposits in orogenic belts over the world. However, some important issues on the formation of such deposits have not been well understood. For instance, what results in the formation of those large and super-large Ni-Cu sulfide deposits in the orogenic belts？ What are the features of the related magmatism？ When the magmatism occurs during tectonic evolution of the orogenic belts？ What is the mechanism leading the extensive mafic magmatism？ The above issues predominantly based on the recent studies of Huangshan-Jing’erquan Ni-Cu sulfide deposit belt as well as Permian regional strike-slip structure in northern Tianshan, Xinjiang were focused on. The results show that the collision between Junggar-Kazakhstan block and Tarim block along with regional dextral strike-slip structure in Permian results in break-off of the subduction oceanic slab and upwelling of the asthenosphere; the upwelling of the asthenosphere causes extensive melting of itself, and the metasomatized wedge mantle produces mafic magma; the strike-slip faults provide the pass way for the ascending mafic magmas and create spaces for the magmatic sulfide mineralized intrusions in the crust of Huangshan-Jing’erquan Ni-Cu sulfide deposit belt.

关 键 词：岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床 幔源岩浆作用 造山带 区域走滑构造 软流圈上涌 地幔交代作用 板块碰撞 俯冲洋壳断离 

分 类 号：P611.11[天文地球—矿床学] P597[天文地球—地质学]