基于微信公众号的电动自行车驾乘者佩戴安全头盔的知识、态度及行为调查  

WeChat investigation on prevalence and cognition of e-bike helmet use in Shanghai

作　　者：徐乃婷 高宁[1] 苏慧佳[1] 喻彦[1] 周德定[1] 彭娟娟[1] XU Nai-ting;GAO Ning;SU Hui-jia;YU Yan;ZHOU De-cling;PENG Juan-juan(Department of NCDs and Injury Prevention,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病与伤害防治所,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2018年第9期744-749,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：美国彭博慈善基金会全球道路安全倡议行动道路安全赠款项目第十轮(CHNSH-RD10-1020)

摘　　要：【目的】了解上海市居民对电动自行车驾乘者佩戴安全头盔的立法认知、相关态度及行为。【方法】利用问卷星进行问卷调查,在微信公众号"@上海疾控"推送问卷链接,分析安全头盔使用情况及认知情况,并进行相关因素分析。【结果】共回收有效问卷19 065份,有关《上海市道路交通管理条例》中电动自行车安全头盔条款认知题的回答正确率为70. 23%。84. 21%的调查对象支持对电动自行车安全头盔强制立法,80. 73%的调查对象支持立法且对未佩戴安全头盔的行为进行处罚。89. 42%的调查对象为电动自行车配备有安全头盔,其中总是或经常佩戴安全头盔的占84. 59%。电动自行车安全头盔的配备率驾驶者高于乘客(89. 91%,82. 02%,P<0. 05)。电动自行车驾驶者中,女性佩戴安全头盔频率高于男性(P<0. 05);外卖行业、快递行业和不从事此两类行业的驾驶者的佩戴频率不同(χ~2=135. 068,P<0. 05),外卖行业佩戴频率最高,快递行业的佩戴频率最低(P<0. 0167)。视野受限、天气热和携带不方便等是多数调查对象未配备或不佩戴安全头盔的原因。【结论】上海市电动自行车安全头盔佩戴的立法支持率较高,电动自行车安全头盔的配备率较高;但佩戴情况一般,外卖行业的佩戴情况相对较好。为进一步提高电动自行车安全头盔佩戴率除依靠出台相关政策制度外,还需要改善产品性能。[ Objective] This investigation aimed to understand public cognition and attitudes on the legisla- tion of e-bike hehnet use and to analyze the prevalence of e-bike helmet use in Shanghai. [ Methods]Soft- ware was used to compose the questionnaires, which were issued to the public by WeChat @ Shanghai CDC. [Results] A total of 70. 23% respondents correctly answered the questions of the statement about e-bike hehnet use in relation to Shanghai Road Traffic Management Rules. And 84. 21% respondents showed supportive attitudes towards legislation on mandatory e-bike helmet use and 80.73% supported punishment of the violation. Among the respondents who were e-bike riders or passengers in the past 30 days, 89.42% were equipped with helmets, and 84.59% of them said they always or often wore the helmet.Helmet equipping rate was higher in the e-bike riders than in the passengers behind （89.91%,82.02%, P〈0.05）. Helmet wearing frequency was higher in the e-bike riders than in the passengers behind （P〈0.05）. Female e-bike riders wore hehnets more often than male e-bike riders （P〈0.05）. Helmet wearing frequency was different among food delivery, express industry and common riders （X2-135. 068, P〈0.05）, which was the highest in food delivery and the lowest in express industry （P〈 0. 0167）. Main reasons of unwillingness to equip or wear a helmet were the restricted view, hot weather and inconvenience for carrying. [Conclusion] Most people support the legislation of e-bike helmet use. Current e-bike helmet equipping rate in Shanghai is high but many riders do not often wear the hehnet. The wearing rate in food delivery riders is relatively higher than in others. To raise the use of e-bike helmets, besides promoting the policy, the helmet products need to be improved.

关 键 词：电动自行车 头盔 立法 微信 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学]