混炼硅橡胶生产工艺安全性分析  

Process safety analysis for production of silicone rubber compounding

作　　者：陈康 张洪波[1] 章文俊[1] CHEN Kang;ZHANG Hong-bo;ZHANG Wen-jun(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;Merck Chemicals （Shanghai） Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学机械动力工程学院,上海200237 [2]默克化工技术(上海)有限公司,上海201203

出　　处：《现代化工》2018年第9期188-191,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

摘　　要：为研究和分析混炼硅橡胶生产工艺安全性,利用改进的道化学法和蒙德法,对潜在的火灾、爆炸和毒性风险进行定性和定量地评价。研究表明,危险性最大的捏合工艺单元的火灾、爆炸危险指数和毒性指标分别为178.82和6.97,工艺总体危险性等级为Ⅲ级。混炼硅橡胶生产工艺的火灾、爆炸风险远高于毒性物质职业接触风险。物料危险性主要在于含氢聚甲基硅氧烷的活性硅氢键易于产生氢气,以及硫化剂2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧叔丁基)己烷潜在的火灾爆炸风险。今后的研究需要完善之处包括增加评价中人为因素系数的权重,考虑工艺所处的外部环境条件,以及制定关于含氢聚甲基硅氧烷的职业接触限值及检测标准等,从而得到更为精确的定量风险分析结果。In order to analyze the risks associated with the manufacturing process of silicone rubber compounding,the improved rapid ranking method of risk classification is applied for qualitative and quantitative assessment of potential fire explosion and toxication hazard.Through theoretical calculation,kneader mixing unit is determined to be the unit with the highest risk and classified as hazard category Ⅲ.It is found that the fire explosion index and toxicity index are calculated as 178. 82 and 6. 97 respectively for the kneading unit that has the largest risk in the whole process,which demonstrates that fire explosion risk is much more significant than toxication risk in silicone rubber compounding.The major material hazards are mainly due to that hydrogen is easily generated by hydrogen-containing polysiloxanes containing an active silicon-hydrogen bond and fire explosion risk is potentially associated with peroxides for vulcanization.To facilitate the risk assessment with improved accuracy,future improvements shall be addressed in the fields such as increasing the weight of human factor coefficient,considering external environment conditions and establishing occupational exposure standards for hydrogen-containing polysiloxanes,and then more accurate quantitative assessment result will be gained.

关 键 词：混炼硅橡胶 安全 爆炸 污染 可持续性 毒性指标 风险评估 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]