通过合成基因线路实现细胞分类  

Cell type classifying by synthetic gene circuits

作　　者：胡冠华 王也[1,2] 魏磊 汪小我[1,2] HU Guan-Hua;WANG Ye;WEI Lei;WANG Xiao-Wo(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics,Center for Synthetic and System Biology,Department of Automation,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Bioinformation Division,BNRist,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学自动化系合成与系统生物学研究中心教育部生物信息学重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京信息科学与技术国家研究中心生物信息学研究部,北京100084

出　　处：《生命科学》2018年第8期799-809,共11页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61773230;61721003)

摘　　要：合成生物学是生物学与工程学结合的新兴学科,通过人工将生物元器件组合成线路引入细胞,使细胞获得对信息进行处理并做特定输出的新功能。近年来,针对疾病治疗的合成生物学研究发展迅猛,基因线路的工程化特性使通过它对疾病进行更精确、灵活的干预成为可能,在基因治疗中有广泛的应用前景。精确干预的前提是综合多种输入信号并识别出特定种类的细胞,如特异性识别出癌细胞的溶瘤病毒。疾病的发生往往伴随着细胞内多种调控网络的改变,从中提取出关键信号分子作为基因线路的输入至关重要。现综述哺乳动物细胞中对不同的信号输入进行感知的基因线路细胞分类器,为未来模块化整合信号输入、设计基因线路提供新的思路。Synthetic biology is an arising interdiscipline combining traditional biology and engineering, aiming at integrating biological components into gene circuits and delivering them into cells, enabling them to process information and perform certain function. Recently, gene therapy for diseases has developed rapidly. The engineering nature of genetic circuits has made it possible to intervene diseases with more spatiotemporal precision, giving gene circuits broad applications in gene therapy. Accurate intervention benefits from the integration of multiple input signals and the identification of specific types of cells, such as oncolytic viruses that specifically recognize cancer cells and kill them. Diseases are often accompanied by changes in a variety of regulatory networks within cells. So, it is crucial to extract key signal molecules from these cells as inputs for gene circuits. This paper reviews gene circuit cell classifiers that sense different signal inputs in mammalian cells, providing new ideas for modular integration of signal inputs and the design of gene circuits in the future.

关 键 词：基因线路 基因治疗 细胞分类器 合成生物学 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]