2012─2016年新疆和田县肺结核病流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological features of tuberculosis in Hotan county in Xinjiang, 2012—2016

作　　者：地里夏提·萨里 布麦热亚木·吐尔逊 艾比布拉·热西提 努尔加玛丽·艾尼瓦尔 图妮莎古丽·阿布不都外力 王希江[7] Dilixiati SALI;Bumaireyamu TURXUN;Aibibula REXITI;Nuerjiamali AINIWAER;Tunishaguli ARBUDUWAILI;WANG Xi-jiang(Xinjiang Field Epidemiology Training Program,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,Chin;The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of lli Kazak Autonomous Prefecture,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆现场流行病学培训项目,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州疾病预防控制中心,新疆伊宁835000 [3]新疆阿克苏市红桥街道社区卫生服务中心,新疆阿克苏843000 [4]新疆吐鲁番市疾病预防控制中心,新疆吐鲁番838000 [5]新疆于田县疾病预防控制中心,新疆于田848000 [6]新疆和田地区疾病预防控制中心,新疆和田848000 [7]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2018年第4期34-36,共3页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解2012—2016年新疆和田县肺结核病的流行特征及防治效果,为完善防治策略提供依据。方法收集结核病管理信息系统中2012—2016年新疆和田县结核病病人的相关基础资料,数据录入EXCEL 2010,以SPSS 22.0软件描述性分析疾病的流行特征。结果 2012—2016年和田县报告肺结核病3 361例,年均报告发病率276.13/10万;报告女性1 929例(57.36%)、男性1 432例(42.64%),男女性别比为0.74∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=145.21,P<0.05);发病年龄集中在20~79岁,共报告3 088例、占发病总数的91.88%;各季度均有病例报告,第一季度报告发病数最多(1 040例、占30.94%),其后依次为第四季度(859例、占25.54%)、第二季度(824例、占24.50%)和第三季度(640例、占19.02%);年均报告发病率居前三位的乡(镇)分别是布扎克乡(381.82/10万)、伊斯拉木阿瓦提乡(306.66/10万)和拉依喀乡(305.99/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ2=434.96,P<0.05);以农民最多(3 261例)、占病例总数的97.03%。结论和田县结核病报告发病率总体呈逐年下降趋势,应加强农民群体结核病防治知识的宣传教育,宣传国家给予结核病病人的"新农合"和营养早餐等惠民政策,提高其规范治疗意识和自身免疫力。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis（TB） and the effects of TB control in Hotan county of Xinjiang from 2012 to 2016, and provide the basis for improving the prevention and treatment strategies.Methods Basic information of the TB patients in Hotan county from 2012 to 2016 were collected from tuberculosis management information system, entered in EXCEL 2010 and analyzed descriptively in disease distribution by SPSS 22.0. Results There were 3 361 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis reported in Hotan county form 2012 to 2016, with average annual incidence of 276.13/100 000. There were 1 432 cases of the male（42.64%） and 1 929 cases of the female（57.36%）, with the proportion of male to female of 0.74∶1 and statistical difference（χ2=145.21,P〈0.05）. The age of onset concentrated from 20 to79 years old. The were 3 088 cases reported in this age group and accounted for 91.88%. There were cases reported in all quarters, and the highest（1 040, 30.94%） in the first quarter, then in the fourth quarter（859, 25.54%）, the second quarter（824, 24.50%） and the third quarter（640, 19.02%）. The townships with top three average annual incidence were Buzake（381.82/100 000）, Yisilamuawati（306.66/100 000） and Layika（305.992/100 000） with statistical difference（χ2=434.96, P〈0.05）. Most patients were farmers and accounted for 97.03%. Conclusions The trend of annually reported incidence of TB in Hotan county goes down generally. The publicity and education should be strengthened in the farmers on TB prevention,free treatment policy and nutritional breakfast to comply with the standard treatment and improve the status of health.

关 键 词：肺结核病 流行特征 发病率 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]