干旱胁迫环境下的胡杨叶片气孔变化  

Stomatal Change in Leaves of Population euphratica under Drought Stress

作　　者：夏振华 陈亚宁[2] 朱成刚[2] 周莹莹[1,2] 陈晓林 XIA Zhen-hua;CHEN Ya-ning;ZHU Cheng-gang;ZHOU Ying-ying;CHEN Xiao-lin(College of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2018年第5期1111-1117,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-036);国家自然科学基金项目(41571109)资助

摘　　要：研究胡杨叶片气孔特征有助于解读干旱胁迫环境下的水分利用特征和抗旱机理。本文选取塔里木河下游英苏、阿拉干、依干布及麻3个典型断面,以胡杨为研究对象,探讨不同干旱胁迫梯度下胡杨叶片气孔密度与气孔长度的变化规律,分析胡杨雌、雄株在干旱胁迫下的响应差异。结果显示：（1）胡杨叶片气孔密度随干旱胁迫程度的增加呈上升趋势,而叶片气孔长度随干旱胁迫程度的加大呈减小趋势;（2）干旱胁迫环境下,胡杨雌、雄株叶片的气孔密度和气孔长度的变化率存在一定差异,表现为在干旱胁迫环境下,胡杨雄株的叶片下表皮气孔密度增长率较小,而胡杨雌株叶片的下表皮气孔长度负增长率显著大于雄性的下表皮;（3）胡杨叶片气孔密度和长度的变化反映胡杨雌、雄株的抗干旱能力,从胡杨叶片的气孔密度与气孔长度的变化结果显示,在干旱胁迫环境下,胡杨雄株的保水能力和耐受能力强于雌株。The study on stomatal characteristics of Populus euphratica leaves is helpful to understand the characteristics of water use and drought resistance mechanism under drought stress. In this paper,three typical profiles of P. euphratica,i. e. Yengisu,Aragan,Yikanbujima,were selected from the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The variation of stomatal density and stomatal length in leaves of P. euphratica under different drought stress gradients was investigated,and the response difference between staminiferousand female plants under drought stress was analyzed. Result are as follows：（1） The stomatal density of P. euphratica leaves was increased but the leaf stomatal length was decreased with the increase of drought stress;（2） Under drought stress,there were some differences in leaf stomatal density and stomatal length between staminiferous and female P. euphratica plants,which showed that the growth rate of stomatal density in leaf epidermis of staminiferous P. euphratica plant was low under drought stress. The stomatal length of lower epidermis of female P. euphratica plant was significantly longer than that of male;（3） The change of stomatal density and length of P. euphratica leaves reflected that the drought resistance of different sexes was different,and the water retention and drought resistance of staminiferous plant of P. euphratica were higher than those of female plant.

关 键 词：胡杨 雌株 雄株 干旱胁迫 气孔密度 气孔长度 塔里木河下游 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]