敏麻蜥的两性异形和雌性繁殖输出  

Sexual Dimorphism and Female Reproduction of Eremias arguta

作　　者：梁涛[1] 李叶[1,2] 郑鹏 时磊 LIANG Tao;LI Ye;ZHENG Peng;SHI Lei(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinfiang,China;Institute of Forest Ecological Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2018年第5期1160-1166,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660613)资助

摘　　要：两性异形在动物界中普遍存在,一般是由于雌雄两性在生活史上所扮演的角色不同所导致,它反映了两性在不同选择压力作用下适应的结果。为研究敏麻蜥的两性异形和雌性繁殖输出,于2014—2017年在新疆北部地区捕捉的152号活体进行8项形态学指标测量,怀卵雌性室内暂养用于收集繁殖数据。结果表明：敏麻蜥的雄性成体具有更大的头部、四肢以及更长的尾部,这是受性选择驱使;两性间局部形态的两性异形与异速增长无关,表明两性之间的差异可能在亚成体阶段乃至幼体阶段就已形成;雌性受繁殖力选择作用而具有更大的腋跨距,雌性通过增加对单个卵的投入,以及增加窝卵数来提高繁殖输出;雌雄两性间的断尾率与咬痕率没有显著差异,表明性选择作用在两性尾部上的选择压力相等,因为性选择作用下的雄性间竞争与雌雄个体的交配过程均有咬尾行为。表明性选择与繁殖力选择的共同作用,导致了敏麻蜥局部形态的两性异形,并使头体长表现为雌雄同型。Sexual dimorphism（ SD） is wide spread in animal kingdom,can be the result of different roles in life history between the two sexes,which reflects the different adaptation of male and female under the selection pressure of the environment. During the period from 2014 to 2017,152 individual specimens of Eremias arguta were collected from north Xinjiang to study their sexual dimorphism and female reproduction. Eight morphological traits of adult lizards were measured. Gravid female lizards were used to examine their reproduction. The males have bigger head,longer limbs and longer tails because of their sexual selection. In addition,there is no evidence of linking dimorphism in body size with growth rate,which reveals that the sexual dimorphism of E. arguta might have formed during sub-adults or hatchings. While females have longer abdomens because of fecundity selection,and the larger abdomens of females can lay bigger and more eggs. There are no the differences in bite scars and caudal autotomy between the two sexes,because the effects of sexual selection on tail of two sexes are similar. Our results showed that the interplay between sexual and fecundity selection leads to sexual shape dimorphism and sexual size isomorphism in E. arguta.

关 键 词：两性异形 性选择 繁殖力选择 断尾 咬痕 敏麻蜥 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]