基于NPP的石羊河流域环境治理工程成效评价  

NPP-based Evaluation on Environment Governance Effect in the Shiyang River Basin

作　　者：李传华[1] 赵军[1] 师银芳[1] 魏伟[1] LI Chuan-hua;ZHAO Jun;SHI Yin-fang;WEI Wei(College of Geographic and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2018年第5期1208-1216,共9页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761083);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(NWNU-LKQN-14-4);国家自然科学基金项目(41661084)资助

摘　　要：人类活动是净第一性生产力（NPP）变化的重要影响因子,计算人类活动对NPP的影响可以定量评估其对生态环境的影响,对评价环境治理工程成效也具有重要意义。本文以石羊河流域为研究区,通过变异系数法计算治理前后的NPP人为影响值,比较2个时段NPP人为影响值的空间格局、变化及趋势,并以行政区为单元评价生态环境治理的成效。研究表明：（1）人类活动对植被NPP的影响覆盖了大部分区域,2000—2006年人为影响值为-588.31-653.57 g·m^（-2）·a^（-1）,2007—2010年为-644.30-673.63 g·m^（-2）·a^（-1）。2个时段人为作用对全流域植被NPP的正负影响均十分剧烈,整体都表现为正影响,净影响值从0.37 Tg·a^（-1）减少到0.33 Tg·a^（-1）。（2）治理后流域60.13%的区域NPP人为影响发生改变,主要表现为正向影响减弱（占36.54%）和负向影响减弱（占12.09%）,人类活动在直接作用区域有所放缓;但人为影响的方向变化较少,仅占5.60%。这说明虽然治理局部取得了一定成效,但要从根本上治理将是一个长期的过程。（3）各行政区治理成效各异,民勤与凉州区成效最为显著,其他依次为古浪、天祝、永昌、肃南、金川等县市。Human activities are the important factors affecting the net primary productivity（NPP）,and for this reason,the calculation of human-influenced NPP（NPP_H）is of vital significance.The effect of human activities on ecological environment can be quantitatively estimate by calculating NPP_H,and it is of an important significance to scientifically evaluate the implementation effect of management project.In this paper,the Shiyang River Basin was selected as the study area,the variation coefficient method was used to estimate the values of NPP_Hduring the periods of 2000-2006 and 2007-2010,which included the spatial distribution,change in value,variation trend and effect evaluation of each county.The results are as follows：（1）Effect of human activities on NPP was wide spread in the Shiyang River Basin.The values of NPP_Hvaried from-588.31 g·m-2·a^（-1）to 653.57 g·m-2·a^（-1）during the period of 2000-2006 and from-644.30 g·m-2·a^（-1）to 673.63 g·m-2·a^（-1）during the period of 2007-2010.Both the positive and negative human effects on NPP in the whole drainage basin were significant.Holistically,human influence in the Shiyang River Basin was positive;（2）The change of NPP_Hwas significant during the periods of2000-2006 and 2007-2010,and the NPP_Hwas reduced from 440.65 g·m-2·a^（-1）to 401.26 g·m-2·a^（-1）;（3）Human effect in the drainage basin was changed by 60.13%.It could be concluded that human activities were slowed down.Some results were achieved by implementing the management project,but the management would be a long-term and hard task;（4）Management effect was different from different counties,and it was the most significant in Minqin County and Liangzhou District.

关 键 词：变异系数法 净初级生产力(NPP) 人为影响 治理成效 环境评价 石羊河流域 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q948[生物学—植物学]