2004-2017年新乡市市区流行性腮腺炎发病特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of mumps in urban areas of Xinxiang City,2004-2017

作　　者：杜永芳[1] 刘丹[1] 李巍巍[1] 王轶[1] DU Yong-fang;LIU Dan;LI Wei-wei;WANG Yi(Xinxiang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市疾病预防控制中心,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2018年第10期1214-1217,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析不同时期流行性腮腺炎(流腮)发病特征变化,为制定流腮防控策略提供参考依据。方法将新乡市市区2004-2017年的流腮疫情分成扩大国家免疫规划(Expanded Program on Immunization,EPI)前期(2004-2007年)、EPI期(2008-2012年)及含流腮成分疫苗(mumps containing vaccine,Mu CV)加强免疫(booster vaccination,BV)期(2013-2017年),分析三个时期流腮发病特征的变化。结果三个时期流腮年均报告发病率分别为6.94/10万、4.38/10万和6.01/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=24.531,P<0.001);三个时期均有3-6月和12月至次年1月两个发病高峰;三个时期学生的发病构成比分别为62.33%、54.25%和63.48%;男女性别发病比分别为1.56:1、1.65:1、1.52:1;3~14岁组累计发病率分别为40.98/10万、25.71/10万和33.51/10万。结论 2004-2017年新乡市实施EPI后,市区流腮发病率开始下降,第二剂次Mu CV接种率低,没有形成群体性免疫保护屏障,未能改变流腮发病周期。建议对6岁以下儿童实施二剂次Mu CV常规免疫等综合防控策略。Objective To analyze the changes of epidemic characteristics of mumps in different periods,and to provide evidence for formulating mumps control and prevention strategies. Methods Mumps incidence data in Xinxiang urban areas in2004-2017 were described for three periods,the prophase of the Expanded Program on Immunization（ prophase EPI）（ 2004-2007）,the EPI period（ 2008-2012）,and the period of booster vaccination（ BV） of mumps containing vaccine（ Mu CV）（ 2013-2017）. The changes in mumps incidence of the three periods were compared. Results The average annual incidence rates of mumps in the three periods were 6.94/100,000,4.38/100,000 and 6.01/100,000 respectively,with statistically significant differences（ χ-2= 24.531,P0.001）. For the three periods,there were two incidence peaks,from March to June and from December to January. Students accounted for 62. 33%,54. 25% and 63. 48% respectively. Male to female ratios were 1. 56： 1,1. 65： 1 and1.52： 1 respectively. The cumulative incidence rates for the group aged 3-14 years were 40. 98/100,000,25. 71/100,000 and33.51/100,000 respectively. Conclusions The mumps incidence in Xinxiang urban areas during 2004-2017 declined after EPI. Due to the low vaccination rates of the second dose of Mu CV,no colony immune protective barrier was formed to change the onset cycle of mumps. Therefore,two-dose routine Mu CV immunization and other comprehensive control strategies are recommended for children under 6 years of age.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 发病特征 扩大国家免疫规划 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]