Transfer of CrylAc and Cry2Ab proteins from genetically engineered Bt cotton to herbivores and predators  

作　　者：Michael Meissle Jorg Romeis 

机构地区：[1]Agroscope Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Zurich, Switzerland

出　　处：《Insect Science》2018年第5期823-832,共10页昆虫科学（英文版）

摘　　要：With the cukivation of Bt cotton, the produced insecticidal Cry proteins are ingested by herbivores and potentially transferred along the food chain to natural enemies, such as predators. In laboratory experiments with Bollgard II cotton, concentrations of CrylAc and Cry2Ab were measured in Lepidoptera larvae （Spodoptera littoralis, Hello- this virescens）, plant bugs （Euschistus heros）, aphids （Aphis gossypii）, whiteflies （Bemisia tabaci）, thrips （ Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella occidentalis）, and spider mites （Tetranychus urticae）. Tritrophic experiments were conducted with caterpillars ofS. littoralis as prey and larvae of ladybird beetles （Harmonia axyridis, Adalia bipunctata） and lacewings （Chrysop- erla carnea） as predators. Immunological measurements （ELISA） indicated that herbivores feeding on Bt cotton contained 5%-50% of the Bt protein concentrations in leaves except whiteflies and aphids, which contained no or only traces of Bt protein, and spider mites, which contained 7 times more Cry 1Ac than leaves. Similarly, predators contained 1%-30% of the Cry protein concentration in prey. For the nontarget risk assessment, this indicates that Bt protein concentrations decrease considerably from one trophic level to the next in the food web, except for spider mites that contain Bt protein concentrations higher than those measured in the leaves. Exposure of phloem sucking hemipterans is negligible.With the cukivation of Bt cotton, the produced insecticidal Cry proteins are ingested by herbivores and potentially transferred along the food chain to natural enemies, such as predators. In laboratory experiments with Bollgard II cotton, concentrations of CrylAc and Cry2Ab were measured in Lepidoptera larvae （Spodoptera littoralis, Hello- this virescens）, plant bugs （Euschistus heros）, aphids （Aphis gossypii）, whiteflies （Bemisia tabaci）, thrips （ Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella occidentalis）, and spider mites （Tetranychus urticae）. Tritrophic experiments were conducted with caterpillars ofS. littoralis as prey and larvae of ladybird beetles （Harmonia axyridis, Adalia bipunctata） and lacewings （Chrysop- erla carnea） as predators. Immunological measurements （ELISA） indicated that herbivores feeding on Bt cotton contained 5%-50% of the Bt protein concentrations in leaves except whiteflies and aphids, which contained no or only traces of Bt protein, and spider mites, which contained 7 times more Cry 1Ac than leaves. Similarly, predators contained 1%-30% of the Cry protein concentration in prey. For the nontarget risk assessment, this indicates that Bt protein concentrations decrease considerably from one trophic level to the next in the food web, except for spider mites that contain Bt protein concentrations higher than those measured in the leaves. Exposure of phloem sucking hemipterans is negligible.

关 键 词：arthropod food web Bacillus thuringiensis Bt cotton Cry protein ELISA transgenic plants 

分 类 号：Q959.838[生物学—动物学] S816.79[农业科学—饲料科学]