接触肿瘤患者样本的检验科工作人员职业暴露风险分析  

Risk analysis of occupational exposure to clinical laboratory staff exposed to serum samples of cancer patients

作　　者：王慜杰 李学祥 韩彬彬 孙麟坤 韩晓红 崔巍 WANG Min-jie;LI Xue-xiang;HAN Bin-bin;SUN Lin-kun;HAN Xiao-hong;CUI Wei(Clinical Laboratory,National Cancer Center~National Clinical Research Center for Cancer~Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院检验科,北京100021

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2018年第17期2149-2151,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：中国医学科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(JK2013B07;2016ZX310008)

摘　　要：目的探讨肿瘤医院检验科面临的职业暴露生物危险因素,指导临床控制职业暴露的发生。方法回顾总结2010年-2015年中国医学科学院肿瘤医院就诊肿瘤患者送检的样本,分析乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBs Ag)、丙型肝炎抗体(Anti-HCV)和梅毒螺旋体抗体(TPPA)的阳性率。结果 2010年-2015年,医院患者HBs Ag阳性率为8.66%(22 857/263 979,6.80%~10.46%),Anti-HCV阳性率为1.88%(4 970/263 979,1.48%~2.37%),TPPA阳性率为1.67%(4 417/263 979,1.18%~1.73%)。2010年-2015年3种感染性标志物(HBV+HCV+TPPA)的总阳性率分别为14.15%(4 335/30 631)、12.05%(4 651/38 580)、13.04%(5 560/42 652)、13.61%(6 376/46 840)、10.23%(5 146/50 287)和9.46%(5 202/54 983)。HBs Ag、Anti-HCV、TPPA及来自相同患者进行生化指标检测的血清样本,每年检测量增长率约为10%。结论由于检测标本量逐年增多,肿瘤医院检验科医护人员面临职业暴露风险仍较高,应加强培训,提高医护工作人员的防护意识,防范和控制检验科职业暴露的发生。Objective To investigate the biological risk factors of occupational exposure in clinical laboratory and to give guidance to the medical staff. Methods To retrospectively analyze the infection rate of HBs Ag,Anti-HCV and syphilis（ TPPA）in cancer patients of cancer hospital from 2010 to 2015. Results The HBs Ag positive rate was about 8. 66%（ 22 857/263 979,6. 80%-10. 46%）,and the Anti-HCV positive rate was 1. 88%（ 4 970/263 979,1. 48%-2. 37%）,TPPA positive rate was 1. 67%（ 4 417/263 979,1. 18%-1. 73%） in cancer patients from 2010 to 2015. And the total positive rate of the three infectious marker（ HBV,HCV and TPPA） were 14. 15%（ 4 335/30 631）,12. 05%（ 4 651/38 580）,13. 04%（ 5 560/42 652）,13. 61%（ 6 376/46 840）,10. 23%（ 5 146/50 287） and 9. 46%（ 5 202/54 983） from 2010 to 2015. HBs Ag,Anti-HCV,TPPA,and serum samples came from the same patients for biochemical indicators detection,and the annual growth rate of detections was approximately 10%. Conclusion As the amount of specimens is increasing year by year,the risk of occupational exposure of medical staff in the tumor hospital is still high. Strong training and improving the protection awareness of medical staff should be strengthened,so as to prevent and control the occurrence of occupational exposure in the laboratory.

关 键 词：职业暴露 危险分析 检验科人员 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]