数字图像相关技术的一些进展  

Progress in digital image correlation method

作　　者：苏勇[1] 张青川[1] 伍小平[1] SU Yong;ZHANG QingChuan;WU XiaoPing(CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials,Department of Modern Mechanics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学近代力学系,中国科学院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,合肥230027

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2018年第9期23-47,共25页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号：11332010,11472266,11627803,11702287),中国科学院战略性先导技术专项(编号：XDB22040502)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号：WK2480000004)资助项目

摘　　要：中国科学技术大学光力学实验室近年来专注于数字图像相关方法的原理研究和应用拓展,有效提升该方法测量精度和计算速度的同时,在数字散斑标准化、二维补偿技术、生物医学工程以及锯齿型塑性屈服等领域取得了一系列研究成果.本文拟对课题组的研究进展做一个概述:(1)提出了局域变形下形函数误差的理论模型与估计算法,建立了保证测量精度的子区尺寸选取准则;提出了计算速度是传统算法两倍的二阶反向高斯牛顿算法;研究开发了三维数字图像相关高效算法、基于反向迭代算法的左右系列变形图匹配的优化策略,开发出三维数字图像相关通用软件包和硬件系统,为国内高校、研究所和工程单位提供了有效的科研分析方法和工程测量手段.(2)揭示了插值偏差的深层机制并发展了实验测量手段,提出了综合考虑系统误差和随机误差的散斑质量评价标准,建立了散斑尺寸优化的理论模型.(3)发展了基于预标定的二维数字图像相关补偿技术.(4)建立了实时的颅颌面手术导航系统;研发了具有高时空分辨率的脉搏测量系统,推动了传统中医的数字化和科学化.(5)通过高速数字图像相关技术首次观测到剪切带的萌生、演化过程,证明了带外收缩现象的存在;通过相互正交的两套数字图像相关系统首次观察到厚度方向的应变局域化现象.(6)基于数字散斑相关方法实现了振动和应变的高精度实时测量.Photomechanics Laboratory in the University of Science and applications of digital image correlation （DIC） recent years. Technology of China has concentrated on principles and Photomechanics Laboratory not only has improved the accuracy and efficiency of DIC but also has achieved research findings on speckle pattern standardization, compensation method for 2D DIC, biomedical engineering, and serrated yielding phenomenon. This paper provides a review： （1） a theoretical model and an estimation algorithm were presented for shape function error in local deformations, and a subset size chosen criterion was presented to ensure the measurement performance; inverse compositional Gauss-Newton method using second order shape function was presented, which is two-times faster than the traditional method. （2） The inherent nature of interpolation bias was revealed, an experimental approach was developed to measure the interpolation bias, a speckle pattern assessment that considering the effects of both the systematic error and random error was presented, and a theoretical model for the speckle pattern optimization was built. （3） Compensation methods for 2D DIC based on pre-calibration were presented. （4） A system for orthognathic surgery navigation was built; full-field pulse vibration measurement system was developed. （5） The emergence and evolution of PLC band was observed, and the phenomenon of out-of-band shrink is found. The strain localization in the width-wise direction was observed using two 2D DIC systems. （6） The vibration and strain were dynamically measurement using the speckle correlation method.

关 键 词：光测实验力学 数字图像相关 散斑标准化 生物医学 锯齿型塑性屈服 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]