不同生态类型中华蜜蜂工蜂体重及个体采集力的比较  

Comparison of Honey Bee Biomass and Productivity between Different Ecotypes of Apis cerana cerana

作　　者：林黎[1] 周春雷 徐祖荫 周文才[1] 韦小平[1] LIN Li;ZHOU Chuen-lei;XU Zu-yin;ZHOU Weng-chai;WEI Xiao-pin

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院现代农业发展研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]开阳画马崖野生蜜蜂养殖场,贵州开阳550309 [3]贵州省农业委员会,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《蜜蜂杂志》2018年第10期1-4,共4页Journal of Bee

基　　金：中华蜜蜂对蓝莓授粉的研究和应用(黔农科院专项[2016]023号);中华蜜蜂传粉对贵州油茶产量的影响(黔科合LH字[2014]7684号);特色农产品辐照保鲜技术服务企业行动计划(黔科合平台人才[2016]5712号);贵州省特色农产品辐照贮藏加工工程技术研究中心(黔科合人才平台字[2016]5203号)

摘　　要：以5个不同生态型的中蜂:华南型中蜂、广东双色王、阿坝中蜂、云贵高原型中蜂和华中型中蜂为实验材料,在实验条件均一、实验变量单一的前提下对比不同生态类型中蜂的工蜂体重及其采集能力。结果表明:阿坝中蜂的工蜂体重显著高于其他生态型中蜂(P<0.01),广东双色王和华中型中蜂的工蜂体重次之,云贵高原中蜂和华南中蜂工蜂体重最小;不同的生态型中蜂,在特定的生境环境条件下,工蜂采集力与工蜂个体大小并不一定成正比;华中型中蜂工蜂的采集力显著高于华南中蜂、广东双色王和阿坝中蜂(P<0.05),但是和贵州省另一生态型中蜂,即云贵高原中蜂之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);华南中蜂、广东双色王和阿坝中蜂之间的工蜂采集力无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在特定的生态环境条件下,需要根据该特定环境的具体特点,以及生产的具体目标,选择相关表现性状较为突出的蜂种,以达到生产力最大化的目的。This work introduced different ecotypes of Apis cerana cerana in China, including Southern China Chinese bee, Aba Chinese bee, Yun-Gui Plateau Chinese bee and Dichromatic bee into observation and comparison with local Central Chinese bee, to discuss the differences of honey bee biomass and productivity. Based on the homogeneous experimental environment and simplex experimental variable, the results showed that Aba Chinese bee possessed the highest biomass significantly compared with other ecotypes. The second highest honey bee biomass occurred to Guangdong Dichromatic bee and Central Chinese bee. The third highest honey bee biomass occurred to Yun-Gui Plateau Chinese bee and Southern China Chinese bee. Honey bee biomass was not necessarily positively correlated with honey bee productivity. Central Chinese bee＇s productivity was significantly higher than those of Southern China Chinese bee, Guangdong Dichromatic bee and Aba Chinese bee, whereas likewise with that of Yun-Gui Plateau Chinese bee, another ecotype in Guizhou Province. Meanwhile, the differences of honey bee productivity between Southern China Chinese bee, Guangdong Dichromatic bee and Aba Chinese bee were not significant. In order to achieve the highest productivity efficienc~ honey industry production practice should choose proper honey bee ecotype based on specific habitat environment conditions and specific superior phenotypes.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 工蜂 体重 采集力 

分 类 号：S891.6[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]