河南省农村居民饮水行为及影响因素分析  

Influential factors of drinking water behavior in rural residents in Henan

作　　者：罗庆[1] 陈国良[2] 张琦[2] 祝刚[3] 陶勇[2] 么鸿雁[1] LUO Qing;CHEN Guo-liang;ZHANG Qi;ZHU Gang;TAO Yong;YAO Hong-yan(Office for Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学办公室,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心 [3]河南省疾病预防控制中心环境所

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2018年第5期430-433,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会卫生行业专项(201302004)

摘　　要：目的了解农村居民饮水行为现状及影响因素。方法通过多阶段随机抽样和面对面现场问卷调查的方式,于2014—2016年在河南省A、B两个县的466户家庭进行调查,收集10类与农村居民饮水相关的情况,运用多因素logistic回归分析农村居民饮水行为的影响因素,同时对家庭饮水中微生物指标进行检测。结果 73.39%(342/466)的家庭饮用开水,其中,25.11%(117/466)的家庭用电烧开水,48.28%(225/466)的家庭用其他燃料烧开水;25.11%(117/466)的家庭饮用桶装水,1.50%(7/466)的家庭饮用生水。A县农村家庭饮用开水率[98.67%(223/226)]高于B县[49.58%(119/240)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。开水、桶装水和生水微生物指标合格率分别为68.75%(231/336),69.03%(78/113)和20.00%(1/5)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,污水随意排放(OR=0.155,95%CI=0.039~0.614)、喜欢饮用开水(OR=241.482,95%CI=83.924~694.835)的农村家庭居民饮用开水率较高。结论农村居民饮水行为和饮水卫生质量存在健康隐患,应加强饮水行为的卫生宣传和健康教育,提升农村居民饮水安全水平。Objective To understand the status and the related influential factors of drinking water behavior in rural households in Henan. Methods The residents in 466 rural households in A and B counties of Henan were investigated by multistage random sampling and face-to-face questionnaire from 2014 to 2016. Ten drinking water behavior-related indicators were collected and the influential factors of drinking water behavior were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression, microbial condition of drinking water was detected. Results 73.39%（342/466） of households boiled water, of which 25.11%（117/466）used electric kettle and 48.28%（225/466） used other fuels. 25.11%（117/466） of the households drank bottled water and1.50%（7/466） drank raw water. The rate of drinking boiled water in county A was higher [98.67%（223/226）] than that in county B [49.58%（119/240）]（P〈0.01）. The qualified rates of microorganism in boiling water, bottled water and raw water were68.75%（231/336）, 60.18%（68/113） and 20.00%（1/5） respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rural household residents who discharged sewage randomly（OR =0.155,95% CI =0.039-0.614） and prefered to drink boiled water（OR=241.482,95%CI=83.924-694.835） had a higher rate of drinking boiled water. Conclusion Health risks exist in drinking water behaviors and drinking water quality of rural residents in the investigated areas in Henan. Health education on drinking water behaviors should be strengthened to improve the level of drinking water safety of rural residents.

关 键 词：农村家庭 饮水行为 影响因素 回归分析 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]