辽宁省40岁以上城乡居民自报过敏性鼻炎患病率及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influence factors of allergic rhinitis among adults aged over 40 in urban and rural areas of Liaoning

作　　者：于连政[1] 尚德高[1] 叶茜雯 佟爽[1] 秦怡[1] 阎佳宁 褚发君 赵希全 程蕾 张勇 吴明 YU Lian-zheng;SHANG De-gao;YE Qian-wen;TONG Shuang;QIN Yi;YAN Jia-ning;CHU Fa-jun;ZHAO Xi-quan;CHENG Lei;ZHANG Yong;WU Ming(Department of Cancer Prevention, Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心肿瘤防制所中国医科大学预防医学研究院,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]东港市疾病预防控制中心办公室 [3]新民市疾病预防控制中心慢性病科 [4]本溪市明山区疾病预防控制中心慢性病科 [5]阜新市海州区疾病预防控制中心办公室

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2018年第5期434-437,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家重大公共卫生服务项目中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病监测项目

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省40岁以上城乡居民过敏性鼻炎的流行病学特征,并分析其相关危险因素,为疾病的干预和控制提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2015年在辽宁省4个县区随机抽取40岁以上居民1 026人为研究对象,通过问卷调查居民的过敏性鼻炎患病情况,分析其危险因素。结果辽宁省城乡居民自报过敏性鼻炎患病率为20.56%,过敏性鼻炎的危险因素包括接触工业污染(即住房800 m内有工厂或烟囱(OR=2.200,95%CI:1.181~4.098)、室内养花草(OR=1.483,95%CI:1.075~2.045);保护性因素是经常做饭(OR=0.684,95%CI:0.489~0.957)、经常清洗被褥(OR=0.720,95%CI:0.608~0.851)和经常参加户外活动(OR=0.655,95%CI:0.507~0.845);而人口及社会经济等相关因素对过敏性鼻炎的影响不明显(P>0.05)。结论改善卫生习惯、经常参加户外活动有助于降低过敏性鼻炎的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related influence factors of allergic rhinitis（AR） in residents aged over 40 in Liaoning,and to provide the scientific basis for the disease control and prevention. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a representative sample of residents aged over 40 in four counties in Liaoning in 2015. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence rate and to analyze the influence factors of AR. Results The prevalence rate of self-reported AR was 20.56%. Industrial pollution（OR=2.200, 95%CI：1.181-4.098）, indoor breeding plants（OR=1.483, 95%CI： 1.075-2.045） were risk factors for AR. Often cooking（OR=0.684, 95%CI： 0.489-0.957）, often clean bedding（OR=0.720,95%CI： 0.608-0.851） and often having outdoor activities（OR=0.655, 95% CI： 0.507-0.845） were protective factors of AR. Socio-economic factors were not significant for AR. Conclusion Improving health habit and often taking part in outdoor activities are helpful to reduce AR.

关 键 词：成人 过敏性鼻炎 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]