语言进化研究:难题、争论与乔姆斯基的化解  

Language Evolution: Problems,Controversies and Chomsky's Solution

作　　者：杨洋 董方峰[2] YANG Yang;DONG Fang-feng(School of Marxism,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学马克思主义学院,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学外国语学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2018年第5期52-57,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"当代西方心灵哲学中的意识理论及其最新发展研究"(17BZX016);华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(人文社科)项目"当代中国话语体系中的战争隐喻研究"(CCNU13A03004)

摘　　要：语言进化要回答的三个核心问题是语言的本质、语言的主人以及语言的进化方式。乔姆斯基提出合并能力说,试图用最简单的递归性操作"合并"(merge)来解释人类语言的本质和进化过程。文章详述了乔姆斯基的合并理论、其他学者对该理论的质疑以及乔姆斯基的回应。合并能力说将语言进化从复杂的现象中剥离出来,具有很强的解释力,但仍需更多实证证据的验证。此外,对语言进化的研究应区分研究的层面,同时吸纳不同的视角和方法,进而推动对语言、大脑和心灵的进一步探索。What the nature of language is, who the owner of questions any language language is and how it has evolved are the three core evolution theory should answer. In the Merge Theory proposed by Chomsky, the simplest recursive operation ＂merge＂ is applied to explain the nature of rates the Merge Theory, the challenges evolution from the complicated linguisti language and its evolution process. This paper elaborates the Merge Theory the challenges to it, and Chomsky＇s refutations. By stripping away the problem of language c phenomena, the Merge Theory attains strong explanatory power, but still more empirical evidences are needed to test its validity. Moreover, researchers of language evolution should differentiate their research levels and take various perspectives and methodologies, thereby enhancing the exploration into the mystery of language, brain and mind.

关 键 词：语言进化 乔姆斯基 合并 心灵 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]