基于完全遥感的湖泊湿地水文特征参数综合反演  

Lake Hydrological Information Estimation Based on Remote Sensing

作　　者：朱长明[1] 张新 黄巧华[1] ZHU Changming;ZHANG Xin;HUANG Qiaohua(Department of Geography and Environment,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Institute of Remote Sensing arid Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学地测学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《水文》2018年第5期29-33,96,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61473286);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0504201)

摘　　要：湖泊水文特征参数在水资源合理配置、规划、灾害预警中发挥了重要的作用。在总结现有的水文特征参数遥感提取方法的基础上,依据多源多时相遥感数据,构建基于完全遥感的湖泊水文特征参数综合反演技术框架体系。首先,通过多光谱遥感影像完成水域面积参数的时间序列遥感提取;然后选取测高卫星ICESat GLAS的有效激光雷达点云数据,对湖泊水位高程信息进行反演;进一步根据湖盆数据对湖泊水资源量估算,并通过"面积—水位—水量"关系模型构建,实现湖泊水文特征参数的高动态模拟。实验表明:该方法反演的水文参数与实测数据一致性较好,误差较小,结果可信度高;体现了遥感在水资源综合监测中的技术优势,可为区域水资源调查与监测提供技术参考。The information of the lake area, water level and storage are important hydrological parameters, which plays an important role in water resources allocation, planning and disaster warning. In summarizing the existing parameters estimation methods based on remote sensing technology, this paper proposed a lechnical framework for hydrological parameters measuring and calculation, based on multi-source remote sensing data. Firstly, using lake automatic extraction algorithm, water body was extracted from multi-temporal remote sensing images. Secondly, ICESat laser point cloud data were adopted to estimate water level elevation. Thirdly, according to the lake area, water level and lake underwater terrain, the lake dynamic volume was calculated. Finally, through the recent lake water area, level and storage, a ＇area-level-storage＇ model was built for the Bosten lake. The experiments show that this method retrieves the hydrological characteristic parameters highly consistent with the gauged data from the hydrometry stations, and the result has high reliability. This method reflects the merits of remote sensing technology in the water resources survey and monitoring quantitatively. It provides a new technical measurement for local water resources planning and monitoring.

关 键 词：水文参数 遥感监测 水资源 自动提取 

分 类 号：P332[天文地球—水文科学] TP79[水利工程—水文学及水资源]