桂林漓江流域土壤溶液的水化学特征及其溶蚀能力分析  

Hydrochemical Characteristics of Soil Solution and Dissolution in Lijiang River Basin of Guilin, China

作　　者：梁日胜 闫志为[1] 周国清[2] 潘傲然 覃夏南 LIANG Risheng;YAN Zhiwei;ZHOU Guoqing;PAN Aoran;QIN Xianan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;College of Geomatic Engineering and Geoinformation,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学广西空间信息与测绘重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《水文》2018年第5期42-46,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目(002401013001);广西自然科学基金"岩溶塌陷地表表征要素变化与遥感赋存信息耦联和协同反演的研究"(2015GXNSFDA139032)

摘　　要：通过在漓江流域中北部采集浅层土样,提取土壤溶液,测定其水化学成分指标,分析其基本特征及规律,并计算方解石和白云石的饱和指数(SI_C、SI_D),探讨土壤溶液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀能力及其影响因素。结果发现:(1)从漓江流域南部到北部,土壤中各离子含量普遍较低,总体上是南高北低,土壤溶液水化学类型为HCO3-Ca型;(2)土壤溶液的SI_C、SI_D都呈绝对值较大的负值,表明土壤溶液对碳酸盐岩具有较强的溶蚀能力;(3)SI_C、SI_D由南向北逐渐降低,溶蚀能力逐渐增强,与该区域降雨量由南向北逐渐增大的特征之间表现出较明显的相关性;(4)土壤溶液对碳酸盐岩溶蚀能力随降雨量增大而增强是长期的大量降雨溶滤作用使土壤中的Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)等离子减少、pH值降低等原因所致。By sampling shallow soil in the north central part of the Lijiang River basin, extracting soil solution, determining the chemical composition of the water indexes, this paper analyzed the basic characteristics and rules, calculated the saturation index of calcite and dolomite （Sic, SID）, and investigated the soil solution of the carbonate dissolution ability. It was found that： （1） The ion contents in soil are generally high in the southem watershed, low in the northern watershed, and both are low in concentration, and the type of the hydroehemistry of soil solution is HCQ-Ca; （2） The Sic and SID of the soil solution showed a negative value of the absolute value, which indicated that the soil solution has strong dissolution ability to the carbonate rock ; （3） Sic, SID decreased gradually from south to north, and the dissolution ability gradually increased, and there was a significant correlation between the characteristics of rainfall in the region from south to north ; （4） The reason for the enhancement of soil solution to the dissolution of carbonate rock with the increase of rainfall is that the long-term large amount of rainfall filtration can cause the decrease of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ and low pH.

关 键 词：土壤溶液 水化学特征 溶蚀能力 降雨量 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]