制糖企业空气细菌的拉曼光谱分析  

Raman spectroscopic analysis of bacteria from air of sugar mill

作　　者：黎海红[1] 李明[1] 黄世文[1] LI Hai-hong;Ll Ming;HUANG Shi-wen(Occupational Health Evaluation Institute,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases,Nanning Guangxi,530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院职业卫生评价所,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第18期2507-2512,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2016073)

摘　　要：目的了解糖厂空气微生物的分布特点和多样性程度,探索新的空气微生物检测方法。方法采集分离自糖厂甘蔗喂料口、甘蔗渣堆场等作业岗位的12个细菌菌株的单细胞拉曼光谱,并应用化学计量学进行分析。结果糖厂车间空气富含各种细菌,从源自吡啶二羧酸钙的1 017/cm峰或成对出现的源自类胡萝卜素的特征基团的1 155～1 160/cm和1 520～1 529/cm峰,可以快速判断空气细菌中含有产芽孢细菌和产类胡萝卜素细菌;主成分分析可以将不同菌株归类为不同的类群,即使在不同的培养条件下,依然可以得到相似的结果;单细胞分析显示,多数菌株的细胞信号较弱而且细胞间相对均一,但部分菌株的信号极强且胞内物质含量极不均匀,显示出极大的异质性。结论单细胞拉曼光谱可以用于检测空气细菌,依据特征拉曼峰可以快速判别细菌类型,对于含有特殊光谱的细菌极易检出,但在缺少大型数据库和参照菌株下,难以直接鉴别菌株的分类地位或者是否属于病原菌。[Objective]To clarify the distribution characteristics and diversity of airborne microorganisms in the workshop of sugar mill,and explore novel methods for detecting airborne microbes. [Methods] Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize the bacteria from the workshop of crushing plant and bagasse yard,and chemometrics was employed to analyse the spectra of single bacterial cells. [Results] The air of these workshops was rich in bacteria. Spore bacteria and carotenoid bacteria could be distinguished quickly from the typical 1 017/cm peak which derived from dipicolinic acid of bacterial spore,or the paired peaks of 1 155-1 160/cm and 1 520-1 529/cm of carotenoid. Combining with principal component analysis,different strains could be classified as different groups. Even the strains were cultured with different culture conditions,similar results could be obtained.Single-cell analysis showed that the Raman signals of most strains were weak and cells were relatively homogeneous,but some strains had very strong signals and showed highly heterogeneous intracellular substances. [Conclusion] The bacteria can be characterized by single cell Raman spectroscopy,and special types of bacteria can be identified quickly based on the characteristic Raman bands derived from the specific components of cells. However,it is difficult to directly identify the taxonomic status of strains or whether they belong to pathogenic bacteria in the absence of large databases and reference strains.

关 键 词：拉曼光谱 单细胞分析 空气细菌 制糖企业 

分 类 号：R117[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]