基于库尔洛夫式和舒卡列夫分类原则的水化学分类表示方法  

The classification method of water chemical types based on the principle of Kurllov's Formula and Shoka Lev classification

作　　者：高宗军[1] 陈晨[1] GAO Zong-jun;CHEN Chen(Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong,26659)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《地下水》2018年第4期6-11,共6页Ground water

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:"地下水流及其系统分异的热驱动机制研究"(41641022)

摘　　要：自然界水化学性质复杂多样,进行类型划分是研究认识水化学特征的重要手段和方法。历史上出现过许多水化学类型的分类方法,对于水化学研究起到了重要作用,如应用最多的舒卡列夫分类、阿廖金分类、派泊三线图分类等。但是随着工农业水平的提高,特别是化石燃料的消耗及化肥(主要是氮肥)的大量施用,自然环境发生了巨大变化,自然界水中主要化学成分亦变化显著,尤其是硝酸根(NO_3^-)的大量出现,使得原本适用的传统、高效的方法都失去了意义,而衍生出的方法五花八门且不宜对比应用。本文据此提出继承传统方法的、基于库尔洛夫式和舒卡列夫分类原则的水化学类型划分方法:将阴阳离子毫克当量百分数大于等于25%的组分进行组合命名。书写时阴离子在前、阳离子在后,之间用横杠分开;有多个阴阳离子时,按由大到小顺序排列、之间用点号隔开。The chemistry property of water in nature is complex and diverse, and classifying the types of water has an im- portant means to study the chemical characteristics of it. There have been many classification methods of water chemical types in history, which have played an important role in the research of water chemistry, such as the most widely used Shoka Lev classification, O. A. Aleken classification, and the Piper Trilinear Chart. However, with the improvement of industrial and ag- ricultural levels, especially the consumption of fossil fuels and the large - scale application of chemical fertilizers （ mainly ni- trogen fertilizers） , the natural environment has undergone tremendous changes, and the major chemical components in water have also changed significantly, especially nitrate ions （ NO3 - ） ~ A large number of occurrences of nitrate ions have made tra- ditional efficient methods lose their significance. In the meantime, derivative various methods are in a muddle or a mess and not suitable for comparison. This paper proposes a method for classifying water chemistry based on the Kurllov＇s Formula and Shoka Lev classification principles, which inherits the traditional method： using anions and cations which milliequivalent per- centage are equal or greater than 25% to make combination nomenclature. When we writing, the anions are in the front and the cations are in the back, separated by a horizontal line. When there are muhiple anions and cations, they are arranged in descending order and separated by periods.

关 键 词：水化学类型 划分方法 阴阳离子 毫克当量百分数 硝酸根离子 

分 类 号：P641.12[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]