西北旱地农家小麦品种抗旱生理机制探究  

Preliminary Study on Physiological Mechanism of Drought Resistance of Wheat Varieties in Northwest Dryland

作　　者：杨倩 袁飞敏[1,2,3,4] 王海庆[2,3,4] 陈志国 刘德梅[2,3,4] Yang Qian;Yuan Feimin;Wang Haiqing;Chen Zhiguo;Liu Demei(University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100001;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,China Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biology,China Academy of Sciences,Xining,81000;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding,Xining,810008)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学,北京100001 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [3]中国科学院高原适应与进化重点实验室,西宁810008 [4]青海省作物分子育种重点实验室,西宁810008

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第18期6105-6111,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA08030106-2);青海省科技计划项目(2014-NS-511)共同资助

摘　　要：为探讨旱地小麦品种萌发期抗旱生理机制,利用西北地区不同生态区水旱地基因型春小麦品种‘和尚头’、‘宁春4号’和‘高原448’为材料,采用PEG-6000模拟渗透胁迫法,对种子萌发期胚芽鞘长度、胚根数目及长度、相对发芽率、相对发芽势、种子萌发和活力指数、出苗率及气孔密度等生理指标进行测定。结果表明:不同类型品种在干旱胁迫下萌发指数差异显著(p<0.05),旱地品种各萌发指数均优于水地品种,这与旱地品种生长环境及长期人工选择有关。这对进一步确定西北旱地小麦品种抗旱生理形态指标,定位相应的抗性基因具有重要意义。In order to explore th e physiological mechanism of drought resistance of dryland wheat varieties during the germination stage, the genotype spring wheat cultivars from different ecological areas in northwest China were selectecd as materials, such as ＇Heshangtou＇, ＇Ningchun No.4＇ and ＇Plateau 448＇. The method of osmotic stress simulated by PEG-6000 was adopted to measure the germination indexes of the coleoptile length,the number and length of radicle, the relative germination rate, the relative germination potential, the germination and vigor index, the seed emergence rate and stomatal density. The results indicated that the germination indexes of different varieties under the drought stress showed significant difference（ p0.05）. The germination indexes of dryland varieties were superior to that of irrigated land varieties, which might be related to the environment of long-term growth and the adaptability of long-term drought resistant. It would be of great significance to determine the physiological and morphological indexes and locate the corresponding resistance genes for drought-tolerant wheat varieties in northwest dryland.

关 键 词：春小麦 萌发特性 气孔密度 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]