植物细胞器内蛋白质量控制相关机理综述  

Review on Relevant Mechanism of Protein Quality Control in Plant Organelles

作　　者：韩薛婧娉 胡盈盈 余颖 王炫婷 徐珂 祝妍瑾 HAN Xuejingping;HU Yingying;YU Ying;WANG Xuanting;XU Ke;ZHU Yanjin(Chuyang Honors College,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学初阳学院,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第10期1734-1736,1776,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710345001)

摘　　要：植物体生长发育过程中,极易受到外界环境的非生物胁迫,当植株处于不利环境时,线粒体、叶绿体、过氧化物酶体等细胞器内由于代谢失衡将积累活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS),导致蛋白质等生物大分子的结构被氧化破坏,影响正常生命活动。对于农作物而言,ROS积累将直接影响其果实的产量和质量。细胞器内受氧化损伤的蛋白质可通过谷氧还蛋白系统和硫氧还蛋白系统进行修复,无法修复的蛋白质则被相关蛋白酶清除,从而维持细胞器蛋白水平的平衡。主要介绍了植物细胞器内蛋白氧化损伤的方式和检测指标,并对蛋白质量控制的相关机理进行整理归纳。During the growth and development of plant, it is vulnerable to abiotic stresses in the external environment. When theplants are in a hostile environment, reactive oxygen species （ROS）will accumulate in organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts andperoxisomes due to metabolic imbalances, which breaks the structure of biological macromolecules such as protein, affects normal lifeactivities. For crops, ROS accumulation directly affects the yield and quality of their fruits. Oxidatively damaged proteins in the organellescan be repaired by the glutaredoxin system and the thioredoxin system. Unrepairable proteins are cleared by related proteases to maintainthe balance of organelle protein levels. This paper mainly introduces the methods and indicators of oxidative damage of proteins in plantorganelles, and summarizes the relevant mechanisms of protein quality control.

关 键 词：植物细胞器 氧化损伤 蛋白质量控制 

分 类 号：Q251[生物学—细胞生物学]