沙尘胁迫对榅桲叶片光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响  

Effect of Dust Stress on the Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Cydonia oblonga Mill

作　　者：王孟辉[1] 巴特尔.巴克 康丽娟[1] 薛亚荣[1] 萨吉旦.阿卜杜克日木 祖力克艳.麻那甫 WANG Meng-hui;Batur BAKE;KANG Li-juan;XUE Ya-rong;Sajida ABDUKIRIM;Zulkeya MANAP(College of Grassland and Environmental Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2018年第10期685-692,共8页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460316;31060169)

摘　　要：以榅桲(Cydonia oblonga Mill)为研究材料,以无沙尘覆盖为对照(CK),设置轻度沙尘胁迫(5mg·cm^(-2))和重度沙尘胁迫(12mg·cm^(-2))两个处理,并分别在处理第10、20、30和40天时,测定其叶片光合特性和荧光参数的变化。结果表明:沙尘处理下榅桲叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)均随处理时间的延长呈下降趋势,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)呈先升后降的变化趋势;最大光量子效率(Fv/Fm)在处理第10天显著下降,此后随处理时间的延长逐渐回升至与对照一致水平。最大荧光(Fm)、非光化学淬灭(NPQ_Lss)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、光化学反应淬灭(q P_Lss)随处理时间的延长整体均呈上升趋势,初始荧光(Fo)呈下降趋势。说明榅桲在沙尘胁迫处理前期受非气孔因素的影响较大,沙尘胁迫导致榅桲叶片PSⅡ原初光能转换效率较低,对榅桲产生光抑制,导致Pn下降。而在处理后期,榅桲叶片主要通过增加q P_Lss、Fm、NPQ_Lss等来增强PSⅡ电子传递能力,提高非辐射性热耗散来消耗过剩光能,保护光合机构。Taking Cydonia oblonga Mill as an experimental material to examine the effects of dust on the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, three levels of dust treatments during 40 days which comprise non-dust cover （CK） , mild dust treatment （5mg·cm-2） and serious dust treatment （12mg·cm-2） . The results showed that net photosynthetic rate （Pn） , stomatal conductance （Gs） , and transpiration rate （Tr） of the leaves under the dust treatment showed a downward trend with the treatment time. Intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, The maximum light quantum efficiency （Fv/Fm） decreased significantly on the 10th day of treatment, and then gradually increased to the control level with the prolonged treatment time. For two dust treatments, maximal fluorescence（Fm）, non-photochemical quenching under stable state（NPQLss）, potential activity（Fv/Fo）and photochemical quenching under stable state（qPLss）increased with treatment time, but minimal fluorescence （Fo） decreased with treatment time .These results indicated that the non-stomatal inhibition had a significant on the photosynthetic rate greater at the beginning, the dust stress reduced the primary photochemical efficiency of PSⅡto cause photoinhibition. In later stage, Cydonia oblonga Mill promoted the efficiencies of photosynthetic electron transport due to increase such as qPLss,Fm and NPQLss. On the other hand, Cydonia oblonga Mill increased non photochemical dissipation to protect the photosynthetic organs.

关 键 词：榅桲 沙尘 净光合速率 胞间CO2浓度 最大光量子效率 

分 类 号：S661.9[农业科学—果树学]