国外涵洞式鱼道典型挡板系统的水力特性综述  

Review on Hydraulic Characteristics of Foreign Typical Baffle Systems in Culvert Fishway

作　　者：胡晓[1,2] 井沛然[1] 吴睿 石小涛[1] HU Xiao;JING Peiran;WU Rui;SHI Xiaotao(College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443008,China;Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,ChinaThree Gorges University,Yichang 443008,China;Department of Environment Resources Transport Planning and Research Institute,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443008 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443008 [3]交通运输部规划研究院环境资源所,北京100028

出　　处：《人民黄河》2018年第10期66-71,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51609125);三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心开放基金资助项目(2015KF-03);江西省交通运输厅科技项目(2015C0021)

摘　　要：涵洞作为现代水利工程建设中河流修复的一种特有手段,其基本功能除了为路桥系统提供输水通道外,还要为所在流域水生动物提供能顺利通过路桥障碍的通道。目前国内关于涵洞式过鱼通道水力设计方面的文献较少,涵洞式鱼道工程在修建过程中可供参考的理论依据非常有限。本文在总结国外涵洞式鱼道相关试验数据的基础上,对国外涵洞式鱼道中的扰流式挡板、阿尔伯达鱼堰式挡板和阿尔伯达鱼式挡板这3种典型挡板的水力特性及流场分布进行了归纳,得到了这3种挡板关于流量、水深、坡度与流速的关系表达式,分析比较了这3种挡板的工作性能,可作为国内涵洞式鱼道内部改造和水力设计的理论依据与参考。As a special means of river restoration in hydraulic engineering construction,the basic function of culvertnot only provides water channels for the system of roads and bridges,but also to ensure the successful passage through the barrier for various local aquatic animal.Since there are few literature referring to the hydraulic design of culvert fish passage in China,so the theoretical basis that can provide reference for the construction of culvert fishway is limited. In this paper,the characteristics of hydraulics and flow fields for the classical baffle systems of culvert fishway,which include the following three baffles： spoiler baffle,Alberta fish-weir（ AFW） and Alberta fish baffles,were summarized on the basis of summarizing the foreign experimental data and the relational expressions between flow rate,water depth,slope and velocity were obtained,the working performance of the baffles was compared and analyzed as well. Relative data and conclusion could provide a theoretical basis and reference for the internal transformation and hydraulic design of domestic culvert fishway.

关 键 词：涵洞式鱼道 水力特性 水深 流速 扰流式挡板 阿尔伯达挡板 

分 类 号：S956[农业科学—水产养殖]