萃取精馏分离叔丁醇-水共沸物系萃取剂的选择  

Solvent Selection for Extractive Distillation Separation of the Tert-Butyl Alcohol + Water Azeotrope System

作　　者：张志刚 李治楠 方荣丽 杨茹 张亲亲 李文秀 ZHANG Zhi-gang, LI Zhi-nan, FANG Rong-li, YANG Ru, ZHANG Qin-qin, LI Wen-xiu(Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学化学工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《沈阳化工大学学报》2018年第3期224-229,共6页Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21076126)

摘　　要：叔丁醇+水混合物是化工和医药领域中广泛存在的共沸物系.为了实现二者的有效分离,选用3种咪唑类离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([EMIM]Br)、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([BMIM]Br)、1-己基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([HMIM]Br)和3种醇胺类离子液体三乙醇胺甲酸盐([TEA][Fc])、三乙醇胺乙酸盐([TEA][Ac])、三乙醇胺乳酸盐([TEA][Lc]),在101.3 kPa下测定这6种离子液体对叔丁醇-水共沸物系的溶剂选择性,并考察溶剂比对共沸物系选择性的影响,同时将3种咪唑类离子液体与3种醇胺类离子液体进行比较.实验结果表明:合成的6种离子液体都可提高叔丁醇对水的相对挥发度,咪唑类离子液体的选择性大小顺序为[EMIM]Br>[BMIM]Br>[HMIM]Br,醇胺类离子液体的选择性大小顺序为[TEA][Lc]>[TEA][Fc]>[TEA][Ac],同时,它们的选择性随溶剂比的增加而增大.与醇胺类离子液体相比,咪唑类离子液体作为萃取剂更具有优势,因此,可以选用[EMIM]Br作为分离叔丁醇-水共沸物系的萃取剂.Tert-butyl alcohol（TBA） ＋ water mixture is widespread in the area of chemical and pharma- ceutical area. Extractive distillation is one of the effective methods to separate azeotrope. In this work, six ILs, namely l -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine （ [EMIM ] Br ）, 1 -butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine （ I BMIM ] Br） and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromine （ [ HMIM ] Br）, triethanolamine formic acid （ [ TEA ] [ Fc ] ）, triethanolamine acetic acid （ [ TEA] [ Ac ] ） and triethanolamine lactic acid （ [ TEA] [ Lc ] ） were synthesized and used as entrainers. The selectivities of the six ILs for the tert-butyl alcohol- water azeotrope system were measured at 101.3 kPa, and the effects of solvent ratios on their selectivities were studied. The results indicated that all the six ILs could improve the relative volatility of tert-butyl alcohol to water, and their selectivities followed the order： [ EMIM ] Br 〉 [BMIM ] Br 〉 [ HMIM ] Br and [ TEA ] [ Lc ] 〉 [ TEA ] [ Fc ] 〉 [ TEA ] [ Ac ]. Furthermore, their selectivities increased with increasing solvent ratios. Compared with triethanolamine-based ionic liquids, methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids as entrainers have more advantages. Among these ionic liquids, [ EMIM ] Br can be the best entrainer to the separation of the tert-butyl alcohol-water azeotrope system.

关 键 词：叔丁醇 水 离子液体 萃取剂 选择性 

分 类 号：TQ028.4[化学工程]