越冬期日光温室土壤和空气的热量传导特征  

Heat Conduction Characteristics of Soil and Air in Solar Greenhouse during Winter

作　　者：胡婧娟 樊贵盛[2] HU Jing-juan;FAN Gui-sheng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第4期869-875,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20130311010-3);亚洲开发银行技术援助赠款项目(0188﹣PRC)资助

摘　　要：为探求越冬期日光温室内部土壤温度的变化规律以及土壤表面及内部热量传递的日变化规律,以山西省吕梁市离石区日光温室为研究对象,采用整个越冬期对日光温室大棚内土壤温度、空气温度等的跟踪观测数据,用传热学的理论和方法,研究了土壤温度的变化情况以及土壤表面及内部的热流状况。结果表明:(1)室内土壤温度进行着以日为单位的周期性变化,室内表层土壤温度高于深层,室内分层地温对气温变化的响应存在滞后效应,随着土壤深度的增加,温度波的振幅越来越小,由表层到深层温度波振幅分别为5.24、2.83、1.79、0.93、0.76和0.17℃。0.4 m以下的地温基本处于稳定的状态;(2)揭示了土壤热量传递的零通量面的存在,土壤热量以零通量面为界限,分别向上向下传递,零通量面的位置并不是固定的,随时间、随季节都在进行着变化,零通量面的最低位置出现在距地表0.25 m的土壤处,出现的时间为一月中旬早晨8:00左右;(3)计算了土壤通过对流和辐射两种方式的传热量,白天,土壤吸收热量,对流传热和辐射换热对土壤表面吸收热量均有贡献,土壤具有良好的贮热性能,夜间土壤释放热量,主要依靠辐射换热的方式,起到了维持室内温度的作用。In order to explore the daily variation of soil temperature and heat transfer between soil and air, wecollected the data of air temperature and soil temperature in the whole winter, and analyzed the change insoil temperature and heat flow of the whole soil body based on the theory and method of Heat Transferin the greenhouse of Lishi District,Lvliang City, Shanxi Province. The results showed that：（1） Soil temperature changed periodically with the daily variation. The temperature in the surface soil was higher than that in the deep soil. The response of soil temperature in different depths had a hysteresis effect on the change of air temperature. The amplitudes of the temperature waves from the surface layer to the deep layer were 5.24, 2.83, 1.79, 0.93, 0.76, and 0.17 ℃, respectively. Ground temperature below 0.4 m was basically in a stable state.（2）The soil heat was bounded by zero flux plane and transferred up and down. The position of zero flux plane changed with time and season. The lowest position of the zero-flux surface occurred at a depth of 0.25 m from thesoil surface and occurred around 8：00 am in mid-January.（3）The heat transfer capacity of soil was calculated through the way of heat convection and radiative heat transfer. During the daytime, soil absorbed heat through the way of heat convection and radiative heat transfer. The soil had a goodperformanceof heat storage. During the night, soil release heat mainly maintained the indoor temperature by the radiation heat transfer.

关 键 词：日光温室 土壤热量 零通量面 对流换热 辐射传热 

分 类 号：S625[农业科学—园艺学]