重庆市绿地土壤重金属污染特征及健康风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Green Space of Chongqing City

作　　者：杨杉[1] 汪军[1] 李洪刚 张晟[1] 张勇[1] 邹家素[2] 刘坤[1] YANG Shan;WANG Jun;LI Hong-gang;ZHANG Sheng;ZHANG Yong;ZOU Jia-su;LIU Kun(,Chongqing Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China;Chongqing Environmental Monitoring Centre,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市环境科学研究院,重庆401147 [2]重庆市环境监测中心,重庆401147

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第4期966-972,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：重庆市基本科研业务费项目(2016-hky-jcyj-01705);重庆市渝北区科技计划项目合同(2017(农社)15)资助

摘　　要：选取重庆市主城区公园绿地、住宅绿地、道路绿地三种典型绿地利用类型,测定了绿地土壤中8种重金属(Pb、Cd、Zn、Ni、Cu、Cr、As和Hg)的含量,利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法分析了不同绿地土壤重金属污染特征和程度,并对绿地土壤重金属进行了健康风险评价。总体来讲,研究区绿地土壤中Hg、As、Cd和Pb的平均含量高于重庆市土壤背景值,是背景值的1.2~1.3倍,其余重金属平均含量均低于背景值,且绿地土壤重金属主要受人为因素影响。不同类型城市绿地土壤重金属污染特征差异明显,Cd和Pb在研究区3种类型城市绿地土壤中均出现了富集现象,以道路绿地的富集最为严重,且三种类型绿地土壤属于轻度污染。研究区绿地土壤存在As和Cr的致癌风险,暴露途径以经口直接摄入为主,虽暂未对人体产生非致癌性危害,仍要加强防范。IIn this paper, three kinds of green space in Chongqing city（park green space, residential green space and road green space） were taken as research subjects. The concentrations of soil heavy metals（Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, As and Hg） were measured and their pollution levels were evaluated by single pollution index and Nemerow complex pollution index. The health risks of soil heavy metals were also discussed with evaluation model. The results showed that the average contents of Hg, As, Cd and Pb exceeded 1.2-1.3 times the background values of Chongqing, and these of the other heavy metals were lower than their background values. What＇s more, human activity was the main pollution source of the urban green space. Pollution characteristics of tested heavy metals in different kinds of green space were quite different, which Cd and Pb in all types of green space in the research area had the highest concentration and the heaviest pollution in road green space, and belonged to slight risk level in three types of green space. As and Cr had the higher carcinogenic risk and the main exposed pathway was the oral direct intake. Although there was no no-carcinogenic risk to the human in the research area, the prevention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：城市绿地 重金属 健康风险评价 污染评价 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]