论检察机关在涉海“公益维护”诉讼中的主体地位  

The Subject Status of Procuratorate in Marine Litigation on “Public Interests Protection”

作　　者：竺效[1] 梁晓敏 ZHU Xiao;LIANG Xiao-min(Law School,Renmin University of China,Belling 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2018年第5期16-26,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"海洋生态补偿标准与制度设计"(16ZDA049)

摘　　要：海洋自然资源和海洋生态(环境)损害诉讼包含两种不同性质的诉讼,检察机关应以不同的诉讼主体地位参与。其中,海洋自然资源损害赔偿诉讼是救济国家所有的自然资源损害的私益诉讼,依据《行政诉讼法》《检察公益诉讼司法解释》的规定,检察机关应是督促起诉主体;而海洋生态(环境)损害赔偿诉讼是救济社会公共利益的公益诉讼,依据《海洋环境保护法》《民事诉讼法》《检察公益诉讼司法解释》的相关规定,检察机关应是补充起诉主体。由于前述涉海诉讼的特殊性,检察机关依法提起海洋自然资源和海洋生态(环境)损害赔偿诉讼除适用《海洋自然资源和生态环境损害赔偿司法解释》所确立的领域诉讼行为的司法规范外,还应适用《检察公益诉讼司法解释》所确立的特定主体的司法规则。The litigations of marine natural resources ormarine ecological（ environmental） damages involve two different types of litigations,and the procuratorate should be involved in the litigationsas different litigation subjects. The compensatory litigation of marine natural resource damageis the private interest litigation which relieves the private interest damage of stateowned natural resources. According to The Administrative Litigation Law and The Supreme People＇s Court and the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate＇s Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Cases,the procuratorate should be the supervising subject. However,the compensatory litigation of marine ecological（ environmental） damage is the public interest litigation which relieves public interests,and on the basis of Marine Environment Protection Law,The Civil Procedure Law and The Supreme People＇s Court and the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate＇s Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Cases,the procuratorate should be the supplementary subject. Due to the particularity of the marine litigations,the procuratoratefiles lawsuits against the marine natural resources ormarine ecological（ environmental） damages,which shall apply both to The Provisions of the Supreme People＇s Court on Several Issues Concerning Compensation for Damages of Marine Natural Resources and Ecological Environment and The Supreme People＇s Court and the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate＇s Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Cases.

关 键 词：检察机关 海洋自然资源损害赔偿诉讼 海洋生态(环境)损害赔偿诉讼 督促起诉 补充起诉 

分 类 号：DF46[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]