新型肥料对棉花产量及土壤物化性质的影响  

Effects of New Fertilizer on Cotton Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

作　　者：李万涛[1] 王开勇[1] 苏继霞 安梦洁 鄂玉联 田小明[1] LI Wantao;WANG Kaiyong;SU Jixia;AN Mengjie;E Yulian;TIAN Xiaoming(College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 83200)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第4期268-272,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA11660);国家重点研究计划项目(2016YFC0501406);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC14B030-2);国家自然科学基金项目(31560169);石河子大学高层次人才基金项目(RCZX201314);石河子大学校级课题项目(ZZZC201619)

摘　　要：为了探究PPMn型水溶肥混合棉粕腐植酸肥施用对棉田土壤和棉花产量的影响,通过红外光谱和扫描电镜分析两种新型水溶肥的官能团特征和外观特征,并利用田间小区试验研究了两种新型水溶肥对棉田土壤物理性质及团聚体、棉花产量和肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:施用棉粕腐植酸肥(H)、PPMn型水溶肥(P)和两种新型水溶肥混合(HP)对改善土壤物化结构和提升棉花产量均优于常规水溶肥(S)和不施肥(CK),其中HP处理效果最好。HP处理使土壤容重降低8.15%,土壤孔隙度增加7.49%,有效降低了<0.25mm土壤团聚体所占比例,显著提升氮磷钾的农学利用效率,棉花产量相对于其他处理增加7.5%~41.0%。In order to explore the effects of PPMn type water soluble fertilizer mixed with humic acid of cottonseed meal fertilizer on soil properties and cotton yield,the functional and appearance characteristics of two novel water soluble fertilizers were studied by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis.The field experiments were also conducted to study soil physical properties,cotton yields and fertilizer use efficiency.The results showed that application of humic acid fertilizer of cottonseed meal（H）,PPMn type water soluble fertilizer（P）and two new types of water soluble fertilizer（HP）had the better effects on improving soil physicochemical structure and enhance the cotton yield than the conventional water soluble fertilizer（S）and no fertilizer（CK）,and HP gave the best.Under HP,soil bulk density was decreased by 8.15%,soil porosity was increased by 7.49%,the proportion of 〈0.25 mm soil aggregate was reduced effectively,the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium was improved significantly,and the cotton yield was increased by 7.5%~41.0% compared with other treatments.

关 键 词：高分子型水溶肥 腐植酸 土壤 棉花 

分 类 号：S145.9[农业科学—肥料学] S562[农业科学—农业基础科学]