5种林分中性信息素对亚洲型舞毒蛾的诱捕作用  

Monitoring the occurrence of Asian gypsy moth( Lymantria dispar asiatica)with sex pheromone-baited trap in five types of forest stands

作　　者：薛羿[1] 孟昭军[1] 董效文 牛豪杰 严善春[1] XUE Yi;MENG Zhaojun;DONG Xiaowen;NIU Haojie;YAN Shanchun(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期71-76,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：东北林业大学学术名师支持计划(010602071)

摘　　要：【目的】亚洲型舞毒蛾雌蛾飞行能力较强且寄主范围广,存在较大的潜在危害。探究亚洲型舞毒蛾在不同林分中的发生规律,并分析不同气象因素对其诱捕的影响,以此为亚洲型舞毒蛾的有效防控提供参考。【方法】利用人工合成的舞毒蛾性信息素(+)-Disparlure作为诱芯进行林间诱捕试验,分析不同林分中诱捕的雄蛾数量以及不同天气林间诱捕量。【结果】在榆树(Ulmus pumila)、白桦(Betula platyphylla)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongilica)和兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)等5种林分中,用性信息素诱芯分别诱捕到舞毒蛾雄蛾34、30、29、9、15头,在榆树林、白桦林和蒙古栎林中的诱捕量与其他两种林分中的诱捕量差异显著(P <0. 05,n=3)。在榆树林中最先到达雄蛾的诱捕始盛期。在榆树林、白桦林和兴安落叶松林中最先到达雄蛾的诱捕高峰期,其次为樟子松林和蒙古栎林。各林分中到达雄蛾诱捕盛末期的时间接近。气象因子对诱蛾量有明显的影响,风力为三级时与一级、二级相比,诱蛾量显著减少。日最高和最低温度均会影响诱蛾量,对温度与诱蛾量之间进行相关性拟合,发现日最低温度为14~23℃时,诱捕量与日最低温度呈线性正相关,日平均诱捕量随着日最低温度的升高而增大。【结论】舞毒蛾的发生情况受到林地内寄主植物、风力和气温的影响。榆树林中诱捕到的舞毒蛾数量最多,樟子松林中最少。风力过大会导致诱蛾量显著降低,日最高气温在26~30℃是舞毒蛾雄蛾活动的最适温度范围。【Objective】Study the occurrence pattern of Asian gypsy moth（ Lymantria dispar asiatica） in different types（ tree species） of forest stands and the effect of different meteorological factors on trap catches.【Method】Sticky wing traps baited with the synthetic sex pheromone（ ＋）-disparlure were tested in five types of forest stands in Harbin City,China.【Result】Our results showed that traps baited with（ ＋）-disparlure in the elm（ Ulmus pumila）,birch（ Betula platyphylla）,Mongolian oak（ Quercus mongolica）,Mongolian Scotch pine（ Pinus sylvestris var. mongilica）,and Dahurian larch（ Larix gmelinii） stands captured a total of 34,30,29,9 and 15 L. dispar asiatica males,respectively. The numbers of male moths captured in the elm,birch and Mongolian oak stands were significantly higher than those in the other two types of stands（ P〈0. 05,n = 3）. The first trap catches of L. dispar asiatica males occurred in the elm stand,and trap catch peaks appeared earlier in the elm,birch and larch forest stands than in the pine and Mongolian oak forest stands. The trap catches stopped almost at the same time for all five stands. Meteorological factors had a significant effect on the number of L. dispar asiatica males captured. At wind speed level Ⅲ（ 3. 4-5. 4 m/s） or higher,the trap catches were significantly lower than those at wind speed levels Ⅰ-Ⅱ（ 0. 3-3. 3 m/s）. The daily maximum and minimum temperatures both affected the captures; based on a linear relationship between the temperatures and the average daily male moth captures,the trap catches increased with rising daily minimum temperature within the range of 14-23 ℃.When the highest temperature of a day was between 20 ℃ and 35 ℃,the relationship between the trap catches and the maximum temperature was consistent with a parabola. The number of trapped insects increased with rising temperatureand reached its peak at 28 ℃,then the number exhibited a declining tendency.【Conclusion】In conclusion,the occurr

关 键 词：亚洲型舞毒蛾 性信息素 野外诱捕 虫害动态 气象因素 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学] Q14[农业科学—林学]