相干彩虹的形成机制  

Formation mechanism of coherent rainbows

作　　者：孙天娇 钱轩[1,2] 尚雅轩 刘剑[1,2] 王开友 姬扬[1,2] Sun Tian-Jiao;Qian Xuan;Shang Ya-Xuan;Liu Jian;Wang Kai-You;Ji Yang(State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures,Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences Beqing 100083,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,School of Physical Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院半导体研究所,半导体超晶格国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国科学院大学,材料科学与光电技术学院,物理科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《物理学报》2018年第18期117-125,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号：2016YFA0301202); 国家自然科学基金(批准号：11674311,61674146,61774144); 中国科学院战略先导专项(批准号：XDPB06); 王宽诚教育基金会资助的课题

摘　　要：用一束白光激光聚焦照射液体(水、丙酮、无水乙醇、汽水等)或固体(冰、有色玻璃、塑料、彩色蜡等),出现了多级的彩色干涉环,即相干彩虹.高强度白光局部地加热了液体(固体),改变了它的密度(以及折射性质),从而导致光程差的出现,不同波长的光都发生干渉,形成了彩色的干涉环.有色玻璃在反射模式下也出现了相干彩虹,此时的干涉完全来自于玻璃表面轮廓的变化,并且无参数拟合的结果定量地符合观测到的干涉图案.Focusing white laser into samples, many colorful rings（coherent rainbows） come out. Such phenomena have been observed in many materials like water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, soft drink and other liquids, and ice, colored glass, plastics, wax and other solids. From the center of the coherent rainbows to the outer side, the distance between neighboring rings becomes larger and larger. The coherent rainbow is an interference effect, whose optical path difference is induced by locally heating the material with the laser beam. Especially, the coherent rainbows from colored glass in reflection mode can be described with a simple formula, with which simulated results fit the observed interference pattern very well. Several possible mechanisms like nonlinear optical effect, thermal lens effect and self-phase modulation effect are excluded.

关 键 词：相干干涉 自相位调制 热透镜效应 光学非线性效应 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]