小型条纹管数值模拟及实验研究  

Numerical calculation and experimental study on the small-size streak tube

作　　者：田丽萍 李立立 温文龙[1] 王兴[1] 陈萍[1] 卢裕[1] 王俊锋[1] 赵卫[1,3] 田进寿 Tian Li-Ping;Li Li-Li;Wen Wen-Long;Wang Xing;Chen Ping;Lu Yu;Wang Jun-Feng;Zhao Wei;Tian Jin-Shou(Key Laboratory of Ultra-fast Photoelectric Diagnostics Technology,Xi＇an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi＇an 710119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所超快诊断中心,西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]山西大学极端光学协同创新中心,太原030006

出　　处：《物理学报》2018年第18期326-335,共10页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:11304374);中国科学院创新基金(批准号:CXJJ-16S015)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：针对无人机载及星载激光成像雷达系统对条纹管的小型化、高空间分辨率与大探测面积的应用需求,研制了一台具有高边缘空间分辨能力、高亮度增益的小型条纹相机.采用球面光电阴极、球面荧光屏技术提高了条纹相机的边缘空间分辨率和探测面积,有利于增大激光成像雷达的探测视场;采用狭缝型加速电极代替传统栅网电极,有利于提高条纹相机的电耐性和可靠性;设计了加载高达-15 kV工作电压的像缩小型条纹管,增大了条纹管的亮度增益,有助于增大激光雷达系统的探测距离.测试结果显示:在有效工作面积16 mm×2 mm内,条纹管静态空间分辨率高于29.3 lp/mm@MTF=5%(MTF表示调制传递函数),亮度增益高达39.4.条纹相机光电阴极处静态空间分辨率高于15 lp/mm@CTF=11.64%(CTF表示对比度传递函数);边缘动态空间分辨率高于9.8 lp/mm@CTF=5.51%;时间分辨率优于54.6 ps@Tscreen=4.3 ns (Tscreen为全屏时间)且在整个工作面积内具有较高的一致性;动态范围为345:1@54.6 ps.同时,为满足不同的景深及探测精度需求,相机设置六个扫描档位,可以实现不同扫速下的超快速目标诊断.该条纹相机在无人机载及星载激光成像雷达探测中具有潜在的实用价值.The streak tube imaging lidar（STIL） community requires the streak tube with characteristics of small-size, high edge spatial resolution, high luminance gain, and large working area. In this work, with the aid of the computer simulation technology software, a streak camera with high edge spatial resolution and high luminance gain is designed, in which there are adopted 1） a spherical photocathode and screen to increase the edge spatial resolution and detection area, further enlarging the field of view for the STIL; 2） a slit accelerating electrode instead of the mesh one favorable for improving the electrical resistance and reliability for streak camera; 3） a streak tube with lower magnification combining with-15 k V working voltage to be able to achieve high luminance gain, thus further increasing the detection distance for STIL. Some static and dynamic properties of the tube are analyzed by observing different electron trajectories emitted from a number of different points on the photocathode. As for the spatial resolution, spatial modulation transfer function method is used to evaluate the spatial resolution characteristics of the streak tube. The 36.9 lp/mm at MTF = 5% in static mode and 23 lp/mm at MTF = 5% in dynamic mode of the high resolution across the 16 mm long slit on the photocathode can be obtained. As for the temporal resolution, three electron pulses at intervals of 54.6 ps can be well resolved by the streak tube in the dynamic mode. Thus, the temporal resolution of the streak tube is better than 54.6 ps. Furthermore,the influence of shape of the photocathode and screen on spatial resolution are analyzed. Compared with the P-streak tube（streak tube with plane photocathode and plane screen）, S-streak tube（steak tube with spherical photocathode and spherical screen） can greatly improve the spatial resolution. The slit image of the spherical and plane photocathode are simulated. The spatial dispersion of the off-axis 8 mm slit image along the scanning direction is analyzed. The exper

关 键 词：条纹管激光成像雷达 时间分辨率 空间分辨率 亮度增益 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理]