社区体育基础设施建设、中老年人健康及不平等——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查的实证分析  

Community Sports Infrastructure,Health Status and Inequality among the Middle-aged and Elderly:Evidence from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

作　　者：郑晓冬[1] 方向明[1] Zheng Xiaodong;Fang Xiangming(College of＂ Economics and Management,China Agricultural Universit)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《劳动经济研究》2018年第4期119-144,共26页Studies in Labor Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"新型农村社会养老保险对农村留守老人主观福利的影响研究"(17BRK018)的资助

摘　　要：体育基础设施建设是"健康中国"战略的重要组成部分。本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,讨论与检验了社区体育基础设施与中老年人健康及不平等的关系。研究结果表明:第一,社区体育基础设施有利于提高中老年人的日常活动能力,并且可显著降低其抑郁程度;第二,社区体育基础设施对收入与教育水平较低、农村户籍以及年龄较大的弱势群体的健康增益效应更加明显,且相比室内设施,户外设施的健康改善作用更加有效;第三,社区体育基础设施不仅能通过增加个人体育文化活动的参与度来改善中老年人健康状况,还可以通过促进相关社团组织的建立、优化参与者的活动体验来提高健康水平,且后者发挥的中介作用更加显著;第四,不论在躯体还是心理层面,社区体育基础设施均有助于降低中老年人的健康不平等,并且能够分别解释中老年人躯体健康不平等及心理健康不平等的2.4%和5.3%。Construction of community sports infrastructure is an important component of the ＂Healthy China＂ strategy. Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS）, this article examines and discusses the relationship among community sports infrastructure, health status, and health inequality among the middle-aged and elderly people. The results show that： firstly, community sports infrastructure is conducive to improving daily physical activities of the middle-aged and elderly people, and it also significantly reduces depression. Secondly, community sports infrastructure has a more significant health effect on people with low income and education, from rural, and being older. Outdoor facilities are more effective in improving the physical and mental health of the mlddle-aged and elderly, compared with indoor sports facilities. Thirdly, community sports infrastructure can improve the health status of the middle-aged and the elderly not only by increasing their participation to sports and cultural activities, but also by promoting the establishment of related community organizations and by optimizing the participants＇ activity experiences, of which the mediating role played is even more pronounced. Fourthly, results from quantile regressions show that community sports infrastructure can help reducing health inequalities among the middle-aged and the elderly, both physically and psychologically. The Shapley value decomposition results suggest that the community sports infrastructure can explain 2.4 percent and 5.3 percent of the physical inequality and mental health inequality among the middle- aged and the elderly, respectively.

关 键 词：社区 体育基础设施 中老年人 健康 健康不平等 CHARLS 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] D669.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]