北京某垃圾焚烧厂周边区域二噁英暴露健康风险评估  

Risk assessment of dioxin in the surrounding area of a waste incineration plant in Beijing

作　　者：刘帅[1] 张震[2] 宋国君[3] Liu Shuai;Zhang Zhen;Song Guojun(Modern Agricultural Research Center,Agricultural Management Institute,Beijing 102208,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部管理干部学院现代农业研究中心,北京102208 [2]中国环境监测总站污染源室 [3]中国人民大学环境政策与环境规划研究所

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2018年第9期910-914,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目（15JGA012）

摘　　要：目的 基于北京某垃圾焚烧厂周边区域二噁英检测结果,评估当地居民面临的健康风险.方法 选取北京某垃圾焚烧厂附近人民政府、中心小学和居民小区三处代表性点位,于2016年3—12月期间分别采集4次空气样本以及1次土壤样本,检测二噁英浓度,计算居民通过呼吸、皮肤接触、泥土摄入和食用动植物产品等途径摄入的二噁英的量,根据已有流行病学研究,评估居民的终身致癌风险.结果 北京某垃圾焚烧厂附近人民政府、中心小学和居民小区代表位点中空气中二噁英日均平均浓度为0.15、0.17、0.19 pg/m^3,土壤中日均浓度分别为12.5、20.2、6.1 ng/kg.人民政府、中心小学和居民小区居民呼吸途径的终身致癌风险为9.55×10^-6、1.08×10^-5、1.21×10^-5;皮肤接触途径的终身致癌风险分别为3.40×10^-7、5.50×10^-7、1.65×10^-7.居民在泥土摄入、食用蔬菜、鸡蛋、鸡肉的暴露途径下的终身致癌风险在2.08×10^-6-6.30×10^-9范围内.结论 所有暴露途径下,该垃圾焚烧厂周边区域居民的终身致癌风险低于可接受风险上限（10^-4）.Objective Assess the health risks faced by local residents, based on the results of dioxin detection in the surrounding area of a waste incineration plant in Beijing. Methods Select three representative points plant near the waste incineration plant--the people＇s government, Central Primary School and a community, collect 4 air and soil samples and detect their dioxin concentrations from March to December 2016, respectively, simulate people＇s intake through breathing, skin contact and soil intake, assess residents＇ lifetime cancer risk according to epidemiological studies. Results The daily average concentration in air at three test points were 0.15, 0.17, 0.19 pg/m^3, and 12.5, 20.2, 6.1 ng/kg in soil. At three representative sites, residents＇lifetime cancer risk through breathing from 9.55×10^-6, 1.08×10^-5, 1.21× 10^-5in the people＇s government, Central Primary School and a community, while through skin contact were 3.40×10^-7, 5.50×10^-7, 1.65×10^-7, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk through soil intake range from 2.08× 10^-6 to 6.91×10^-6. The lifetime cancer risk of eating vegetables ranges from 5.50×10^-6 to 6.98×10^-6. The lifetime cancer risk of eating chicken or eggs ranges from 2.72×10^-9 to 6.30×10^-9. Residents＇lifetime cancer risk through soil intake, eating vegetables and eating chicken or eggs ranges from 2.08×10^-6 to 6.30×10^-9. Conclusion Under all exposures, the life time risk of cancer for residents around the waste incineration is under the upper end of the range of acceptability（10-4）.

关 键 词：二恶辛类 环境暴露 垃圾焚烧厂 终身致癌风险 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]