当前中美油气领域的博弈与合作  

The current game and cooperation between China and U.S. in oil and gas area

作　　者：梅冠群[1] MEI Guanqun(China Center for International Economic Exchange)

机构地区：[1]中国国际经济交流中心

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2018年第8期9-17,共9页International Petroleum Economics

基　　金：中国国际经济交流中心2018年度基金课题<当前中美关系若干重要问题研究>支持

摘　　要：近年来,美国的能源革命取得巨大成功,正在从全球主要能源进口国向重要能源出口国转变,已在深刻地改变着全球能源供求格局,世界能源市场呈现"供给西移,消费东移"的重要趋势和特点。特朗普执政后出台"美国优先能源计划",推动美国由能源进口转向能源独立乃至"能源统治"。中美两国可进一步扩大天然气和原油贸易,也可在能源基础设施建设领域加强合作,但在部分议题上不可避免地存在分歧和博弈,最为突出的是能源定价和伊核问题两大议题。未来中国一方面要开展对美国能源合作,另一方面要注意加强能源进口多元化,推进能源进口人民币定价,关注能源价格变动,创新能源技术,最大限度降低中国能源供应风险,保障中国能源安全。The U.S. energy revolution has made a great success in recent years, which made it an important export country from a dominant energy import country. It has profoundly changed the global energy supply and demand pattern and world energy market already saw ＂supply moving westward, demand moving eastward＂. The Trump administration issued ＂America First Energy Plan＂, which will push U.S. from energy imports forward to ＂energy dependence＂ and even ＂energy dominance＂. China and the United States can further expand trade in natural gas and crude oil, and strengthen cooperation in energy infrastructure construction. However, there are also inevitable differences and conflicts on some topics, most notably energy pricing and the Iranian nuclear issue. In the future, China, on the one hand, should carry out energy cooperation with the United States, and on the other hand, it should strengthen the diversification of energy imports, promote the pricing of energy imports in RMB, pay attention to energy price changes, innovate energy technologies, minimize the risk of China＇s energy supply, and ensure China＇s energy security.

关 键 词：中美关系 油气合作 能源合作 美国能源革命 石油定价权 能源安全 全球能源版图 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F125