加油站外资准入对中国成品油零售行业的影响及建议  

The influence and suggestion of foreign investment access in gas station on China's retail oil industry

作　　者：丁少恒[1] 魏卓群 DING Shaoheng;WEI Zhuoqun(CNPC Planning and Engineering Institute;Beijing Foreign Studies University)

机构地区：[1]中国石油规划总院 [2]北京外国语大学

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2018年第8期79-83,共5页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：2018年版《外商投资准入特别管理措施(负面清单)》取消了油品零售领域对加油站外资准入的限制,标志着我国石油领域终端消费环节的全面对外开放。我国成品油零售市场竞争较为充分,可以适应对外放开的形势变化。加油站投资放开政策将推动我国石油产业经营管理模式转变,加速石油产业链条各环节价格市场化进程。未来,我国成品油零售企业将面临外资加油站差异化服务的挑战;以油品经营为主的加油站将加速向综合性一体化服务平台转型;开展智慧营销、精准营销的迫切性进一步提高;国有石油企业与外资企业对优质站点的竞争将加剧;多种资本混合经营的模式将对传统的自有自营油站经营模式形成竞争优势。我国石油企业应积极寻求成品油资源的稳定渠道,推进智慧加油站建设,丰富、优化非油产品和服务,同时加强对优质站点的争取与控制,大力推进特许、参股等多种灵活的加油站经营模式。According to ＂Special Management Measures（Negative List） for the Access of Foreign Investment（2018）＂, the restrictions on foreign investment in gas stations in the oil retail sector in China has been removed, indicating the full opening of the terminal consumption market in China＇s oil industry. The competition in China＇s refined oil retail market is so intense that the market is ready to open to the world. The new policy would facilitate the transformation of the management pattern of the petroleum industry and accelerate price marketization of all links of whole industry chain. In the future, refined oil enterprises in China will encounter challenges from the foreign gas stations in terms of differentiated services. The development pattern of the gas stations based on oil products will change to be more comprehensive and integrated. So the adoption of smart and precision marketing strategy will be more urgent and indispensable. There would be fiercer competition for high-quality gas stations between Chinese stated-owned oil companies and their foreign counterparts and multi-capital mixed management mode will build a competitive advantage in the market compared to the traditional self-operated management mode. Chinese oil companies should seek for stable refined oil sources, facilitate construction of smart gas stations, improve and optimize non-oil products and services, strengthen control of the high-quality gas stations, and greatly develop such more flexible management patterns of gas stations as franchising and equity participation.

关 键 词：加油站 油品零售 外资准入 市场化 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F832.6