基于雷电物理学的多风机雷电屏蔽研究及风电场防雷布置  

Lightning Shielding of Multiple Wind Turbines Based on Lightning Physics and Optimized Spatial Allocation of Wind Farm

作　　者：张黎[1] 张瑶 王国政 邹亮[1] 赵彤[1] ZHANG Li;ZHANG Yao;WANG Guozheng;ZOU Liang;ZHAO Tong(School of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong Province,China;Weifang Power Supply Company,Shandong Electric Power Corporation of State Grid,Weifang 261000,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学电气工程学院,山东省济南市250061 [2]国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司,山东省潍坊市261000

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第18期5335-5342,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51677110,51420105011)~~

摘　　要：近年来,雷电灾害对风电场内大容量风电机组的破坏日趋严重。为降低风电场雷击事故的概率,提出一种新型多风机电气几何模型,该模型从雷电先导发展的物理模型出发,考虑叶片周围带电粒子的影响,计算叶片接闪器的击距范围。与传统电气几何模型相结合,给出多风机间雷电屏蔽的关系与判据。利用该模型对规模化风电场各风机间的雷电屏蔽距离进行研究,分析环境因素（温度、大气压强、空气湿度和海拔）对风电场雷电屏蔽的影响。计算表明,相对空气密度越大、海拔越低,风机之间的雷电可屏蔽距离越大。最后,计算1.5MW规模化风电场的行列布置间距。所提方法拟为不同环境下风电场的防雷布置提供理论依据。In recent years, lightning disasters have become increasingly destructive to large-capacity wind turbines in wind farms. In order to reduce the probability of lightning accidents on wind farms, this paper presented a new electro-geometric model for multiple turbines. In this new model, based on the physical model of lightning leader development, the striking distance range of the blade tip receptor was calculated, taking into account the influence of the charged particles around the blade. Lightning shielding amongst multiple turbines was provided in combination with the traditional electro-geometric model, and a criterion formula was obtained for mutual shielding for multiple turbines. The influence of environmental factors, such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, air humidity, and altitude, on lightning shielding on large-scale wind farms was also analyzed by studying the lightning shielding distance between wind turbines. The calculation shows that the larger the relative air density and the absolute humidity, and the lower the altitude, and the larger the lightning shielding distance between wind turbines. Finally, the distance between the rows and columns of the wind farm consisting of 1.5 MW wind turbines is calculated. The method proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the lightning protection on wind farms under different environmental conditions.

关 键 词：防雷保护 风电场 雷电几何模型 雷电物理 雷电屏蔽距离 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM863