吉林省最高最低气温非对称变化时空演变特征  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Asymmetric Change of Maximum and Minimum Temperature in Jilin Province

作　　者：岳元[1,2] 申双和 岳立成[3] 王琪 于宛男[5] Yue Yuan;Shen Shuanghe;Yue Licheng;Wang Qi;Yu Wannan(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education（KLME）,Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change（ILCEC）,Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters（CIC FEMD）,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,College of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology,Nanjing 210044;Meteorological Observatory of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062;Jilin Meteorological Observation Support Center,Changchun 130062;Institute of Meteorology Science of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062;Changchun Meteorological Center,Changchun 130000)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/江苏省农业气象重点实验室/南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [2]吉林省气象台,长春130062 [3]吉林省气象探测保障中心,长春130062 [4]吉林省气象科学研究所,长春130062 [5]长春市气象探测中心,长春130000

出　　处：《气象科技》2018年第4期744-752,共9页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项"干旱气象科学研究-我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理"(GYHY201506001)资助

摘　　要：利用吉林省45个气象站1970-2014年逐日的最高、最低气温资料,分析吉林省最高、最低气温不对称变化在年、季尺度上的时空演变特征。采用经验模态分解法(EMD)分解年、季最高、最低气温序列,分析变化趋势。结果表明:近45年年平均最高、最低气温均呈增加趋势,且最低气温增幅是最高气温的两倍。四季的最高、最低气温变化形式与年变化一致;不同地区之间最高气温的增幅差异不大,最低气温增幅存在一定区别,东部最低气温增幅小于中、西部。相对稳定的增温区出现在西部和中部,不同季节的增温幅度不同,春、夏要强于秋、冬。经验模态分解(EMD)结果显示吉林省年平均最高、最低气温均为增加趋势,而春、冬季中最高气温趋势分量的倾向率与原始序列不同,为负值。夏、秋季中最高气温及四季中最低气温趋势分量序列与原始数据序列的倾向率一致,均为正值但大小存在差异。Based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature data from 45 weather stations in Jilin Province for the period of 1970 to 2014,the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the asymmetric changes in the maximum and minimum temperature at the annual and seasonal scales are analyzed.At the same time,the Empirical Mode Decomposition（EMD）is adopted to decompose and analyze the trends of the annual and seasonal maximum and minimum temperature sequences.The results show that the average maximum and minimum temperature in the last 45 years has been on the rise,and the increase of the minimum temperature was twice as high as that of the maximum temperature.Besides,the maximum and minimum temperature changes at the seasonal scale were consistent with those at the annual scale;there was little difference in the increase in the maximum temperature between different regions,but a certain difference between the minimum temperature increases of different regions.The increase of the minimum temperature in the eastern region was smaller than those of the central and the western regions.In addition,regions with relatively stable temperature rise appeared to be the central and the western regions,where different increases in amounts were found in different seasons,referring to that temperature rise in spring and summer was larger than in autumn and winter.The EMD（Empirical Mode Decomposition）results indicate that the annual average maximum and minimum temperature in Jilin Province were on the rise,while the inclination rates of the maximum temperature trend component in spring and winter were different from that of the primary sequence.The inclination rates of the maximum temperature trend component in summer and autumn and the minimum temperature trend component for four seasons were all in accordance with the primary sequence,which were positive,but different in size.

关 键 词：最高气温 最低气温 不对称增温 经验模态分解法 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]